Self-Concept, Personality, Abilities, and Emotions

Self Concept Personality: Concepts and Controversy Abilities and Performance Emotions: An Emerging OB Topic

Individual Differences
The Unique Individual Personality Traits Personal Values
Abilities

Forms of Self-Expression

Self-Concept Self-esteem
Emotions Job Satisfaction Self-efficacy Self-monitoring Organizational identification

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Self-Esteem
Self-Esteem ones
overall selfevaluation What would a person with high self-esteem say? a. I feel I am a person of worth, the equal of other people. b. I feel I do not have 5-3 much to be proud of.

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Brandens Six Pillars of Self-Esteem

1) Live consciously 2) Be self-accepting 3) Take personal responsibility
Be actively and fully engaged in what you do and with whom you interact Dont be overly judgmental or critical of your thoughts and actions Take full responsibility for your decisions and actions in lifes journey

Table 5-1
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Brandens Six Pillars of Self-Esteem

4) Be self-assertive
Be authentic and willing to defend you beliefs when interacting with others, rather than bending to their will to be accepted or liked Have clear near-term and long-term goals and realistic plans for achieving them to create a sense of control in your life Be true to your word and your values

Table 5-1

5) Live purposefully

6) Have personal integrity

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Self Efficacy
Self Efficacy is a
persons belief about his or her chances of successfully accomplishing a specific task Once you realize there are no geniuses out there, you can think, I can do that. One reason Ive succeeded is I have that nave sense of entitlement. Donny Deutsch, Deutsch, Inc.

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Effects of High Self-Efficacy

Sources of SelfEfficacy Beliefs
Prior Experience

Feedback

Behavioral Patterns
Be activeselect best opportunities

Results

Behavior Models

High I know I can do this job

Manage the situation avoid or neutralize obstacles Set goalsestablish standards

Success

Persuasion from Others Assessment of physical/ emotional state

Self-efficacy beliefs

Plan, prepare, practice Try hard: persevere Creatively solve problems Learn from setbacks Visualize success
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Effects of Low Self-Efficacy

Sources of SelfEfficacy Beliefs Feedback Behavioral Patterns
Be passive Avoid difficult tasks Develop weak aspirations and low commitment Focus on personal deficiencies Dont even trymake a weak effort Quit or become discouraged because of setbacks Blame setbacks on lack of ability or bad luck Worry, experience stress, become depressed Think of excuses for failing

Results

Prior Experience

Behavior Models

Self-efficacy beliefs

Failure

Persuasion from Others Assessment of physical/ emotional state

Low I dont think I can get the job done

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Work Applications of Self-Efficacy

1) Recruiting/Selection/job assignments
What questions would you ask to determine ones self-efficacy for performing the job well? Are challenging or boring tasks more likely to improve ones self efficacy? How do training and development programs develop self-efficacy?

1) Job design

1) Training and development

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Self-Monitoring
Self-Monitoring: Observing ones own behavior and adapting it to the situation What are the dangers of being a:
High Self-Monitor? Low Self-Monitor?

Is high or low-self-monitoring related to job success?

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Implications of Personality at Work

Overall the relationship between personality and job performance is. Which of the Big Five dimensions is most strongly related to job performance? Should personality tests be used to make hiring decisions?
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Big Five Factor Conscientiousness

Competence Order Dutifulness Striving

Describes

Achievement Self-Discipline Deliberation

Agreeableness

Trust Straightforwardness Altruism Compliance Modesty Tender-mindedness

Neuroticism

Anxiety Angry

Depression

Hostility

Self-Consciousness Impulsiveness Vulnerability

Openness

Fantasy Aesthetics Feelings Actions Ideas Values

Extraversion

Warmth

Gregariousness Assertiveness Activity Excitement-Seeking Positive

Emotions

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Locus of Control
External Locus of Control ones life
outcomes attributed to environmental factors such as luck or fate

Internal Locus of Control belief

that one controls key events and consequences in ones life.

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Internal LOC & Humility

Internals enjoy.
High performance Job satisfaction Higher salaries and more promotions Less anxiety

Humility Considering the contributions of others and good fortune when gauging ones success
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Contributors to Performance
Ability

Effort

Performance

Skill
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Intelligence
Charles Spearmans work g = General mental ability s = specific mental ability Intelligence-related predictors of job performance: Numerical ability Spatial ability Inductive reasoning

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Mental Abilities Underlying Performance

1) Verbal comprehension 2) Word fluency 3) Numerical 4) Spatial 5) Memory 6) Perceptual speed 7) Inductive reasoning
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Multiple Intelligences
Howard Gardners Work
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Linguistic intelligence Logical-mathematical intelligence Musical intelligence Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence Spatial intelligence Interpersonal intelligence Naturalist intelligence Intrapersonal intelligence

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Positive and Negative Emotions

Negative Emotions
Anger Fright/ anxiety Happiness /Joy Pride

Positive Emotions
(goal congruent)

(goal incongruent) Guilt/ shame

Sadness Envy/ jealousy Disgust

Love/affection

Relief
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Emotional Intelligence
Emotional Intelligence
ability to manage oneself and interact with others in a constructive way
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