2005 Earthquake in Pakistan

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4/19/12

Introduction
In 2005, a major Earthquake occurred in

Pakistan.
It affected Kashmir, Gilgat-

baltistanandKhyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Occurred at 08:52:37 PST on 8th October

2005.
It registered amoment magnitudeof 7.6.

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Seismotectonics
Collision of Indian & Eurasian plates causes seismic

activity in South Asia.

This collision has fractured Indian plate into several

slices beneath the Kashmir Basin and is known as the Indus-Kohistan seismic zone. 73.560 degrees east, about 90 km north-northeast of Islamabad.

The earthquake epicenter was at 34.402 degrees North,

Earthquake was relatively shallow and thus had greater

intensity and destructiveness.

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Seismotectonics

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Seismotectonics
According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the focal depth

was about 10 km.

The moment magnitude was measured: 1. By U.S. Geological Survey = 7.6 2. By Pakistani Meteorological Service = 7.5 and 3. By Japan Meteorological Agency = 7.8 . A final estimate of the moment magnitude of the

earthquake is 7.6
. More than 20 aftershocks ranging from 4.5 to 6.3 in

magnitude struck the area in 18 hours following the main shock. 4/19/12

Earthquake Activity In Pakistan in Pakistan occur in the north Most of the earthquakes
and western regions, along the boundary of the Indian tectonic plate with the Iranian and Afghan micro-plates. land of an extensive transform fault system in the Arabian Sea known as the Owen Fault Zone.
The Chaman Fault System is a major fracture which The Chaman Thrust Fault system is a continuation on

begins in the Balochistan Province.

The great Quetta earthquake (M7.7) of 1935 occurred

along the Chaman Fault.

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Earthquake Activity In Pakistan

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Earthquake Activity In Pakistan Fault system extends along The Chaman Thrust
Pakistan's frontier with Afghanistan. It begins near Kalat, passes near Quetta and continues in a northnortheastern direction to Kabul, after branching off to form theMain Karakoram Thrust (MKT) System. Chatham Fault System on the east side of the Pishin Basin. Hazara-Kashmir syntaxial bend near the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT).
The October 8, 2005 earthquake occurred near this
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The Main Mantle Thrust (MMT) System parallels the

Both the MKT and the MMT turn eastward in the

active seismic zone in Northern Pakistan.

 Four major faults exist in and around Karachi

Earthquake Activity In Pakistan

and other parts of deltaic Indus, and the southern coast of Makran.

1. The first of these is the Allah Bund Fault. 2. The second is an extension of the one that

begins near Rann of the Kutch region. Arabian sea near the Makran coast. district, near Surajani.

3. The third is the Pubb fault which ends into 4. The fourth fault is located in the lower Dadu

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Earthquake Disaster
At least 86,000 people killed, more than

69,000 injured and extensive damage in northern Pakistan. Muzaffarabad area, Kashmir where entire villages were destroyed and at Uri where 80 percent of the town was destroyed.

The heaviest damage occurred in the

At least 32,335 buildings collapsed. An estimated 4 million people left homeless.

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Lessons Learned
Preparedness and strict Seismic Building

Codes could have mitigated the extent of the damage. death toll - perhaps by as much as 80%.

This could have reduced significantly the Governments in the region must develop

better programs of public preparedness.

Designate appropriate anti-seismic building

codes.

Construction standards to provide safety from

the most severe of the earthquakes that 4/19/12 historically have affected the region and