Science 9

Unit A: Biological Diversity Science InAction Section 1: Page 8-25

Lesson #1
Learner Outcome
I

can observe variation in living things, and describe examples of variation among species and within species

Grade 7 Review
All living things are:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

made up of cells need energy grow and develop reproduce and have adaptations which suit them to the specific habitat in which they live.

Describe the Variety of Biological Species on Earth.

A

Species is a particular group of organisms that have the same structure and can reproduce with each other.

1.5

million species of animals identified 000 species of plants. successful is the insect

350

Most

it is the variety of species and ecosystems on the Earth and the ecological processes of they are a part of.

What is Biological Diversity?

Video Learn Alberta

What are the main components of Biological Diversity?

1. Diversity Between Ecosystems
Biotic

and Abiotic organisms interacting

What are the main components of Biological Diversity? 2. Diversity Within

2. Diversity Within Ecosystems

Communities different species living in the same area. Populations members of the same species that live in a specific area and share the same resources.

3. Diversity within Individuals within

What are the main components of Biological Diversity?

species. the species.

Genetic differences at the cellular level.

4. Species Distribution

What are the main components of Biological Diversity?

Not distributed evenly Less biological diversity as you move closer to the poles .

What is Variation ?

Variability within a species population.

Brown Hair vs. Blond Hair Blue eyes vs. Green eyes.

Examples of variability in the animal kingdom include: Red fox (color of coat) Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) Banded snail (color of shell)

What are Niches?

Niche

is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem. Includes: 1. What it eats. 2. What eats it. 3. Its habitat. 4. Nesting site, range and habits. 5. What effect it has on the other populations. 6. What effect it has on the environment.

Biological Diversity Classification

The

two-name Latin naming system for all living things was developed by Carolus Linnaeus in the 18th century. scientists, around the world, to refer to the same species, by the same name. words identify each organism.

Enables

Two The

1st represents the organisms genus and the 2nd represents the organisms particular species.

Biological Diversity Classification

Animalia animals, Plantae plants, Fungi yeasts and moulds, Protista single cells, Monera - bacteria

Classification Examples
Common Name Species Name (includes Genus/ Species) Genus Family Order Class Phylum (Division) Kingdom Humans

Homo sapiens

Homo

Hominidae

Primates

M ammalia

Chordata

Animalia

Rhesus monkey

Macaca mulatta

Macaca

Cercopithec idae

Leopard frog Wood frog

Rana pipiens Rana sylvatica

Rana

Ranidae

Anura

Amphibia

Species Comparisons

Sample Multiple Choice Question

Organism 1 2 3 4 Class Mammalia Mammalia Genus Castor Canis Lutra Canis Which of the following organisms are most similar? Chordata Chordata Phylum Species canadensis Latrans Canadensis lupus

Q1

a. 1 and 2 b. 2 and 4 c. 2 and 3 d. 1 and 3

Sample Multiple Choice Question

The Linnaean classification system is a two-name system. The two names every species have are a
Q2
a. b. c. d.

Family name and a given name Scientific name and a common name Genus name and a species name Kingdom name and an order name

Sample Multiple Choice Question

Moles dig burrows and are called fussorial while deer or stag run very fast and are called cursorial. Some species change their features and camouflage, while other develop special protective structures.
Sea hares have a special ink-producing gland. They use this gland to spread purple ink in the water because it
a. b. c. d.

Q3

Is an important secretion of their body Is and excretory product Helps to confuse predators so it can escape Gives a purple colour to its body

Answers to Sample Multiple Choice Questions 1. B 2. C 3. C

Did you observe variation in living things, and describe examples of variation among species and within species?