4/29/12

RESEARCH METHODS IN LINGUISTICS Longitudinal vs. cross-sectional research

11 Click to edit Master subtitle style 23/4/2012

Ivan Buljan

4/29/12

Structure of the presentation

1. Introduction 2. Longitudinal research 2.1. Main types of longitudinal research 2.2. Other longitudinal research designs 2.3. Longitudinal qualitative research 2.4. Longitudinal quantitative data analysis 3. Choosing a design: longitudinal vs. crosssectional?

22

4/29/12

1. Introduction

33

4/29/12

1. Introduction

44

4/29/12

2. Longitudinal research

Longitudinal research permits the measurement of change in a variable from one period to another. main purposes of longitudinal research: To describe the patterns of change, To explain the casual relationship. process of SLA and longitudinal research

2 1. 2.

.The

55

2.1. Main types of longitudinal research

THE PANEL STUDY (prospective longitudinal study)
Appropriate

4/29/12

to collect data about change on a micro level as it really happens exemple of political parties expensive and time consuming, long maintenance of the research group to validity: attrition and panel conditioning
66

The

Disadvantages:

threats

2.1. Main types of longitudinal research

THE TREND STUDY (repeated cross sectional study)
Use

4/29/12

of questionnaire

Repetition

of investigation on different participants which are representative of the same population and disadvantages

Advantages

77

2.1. Main types of longitudinal research

RETROSPECTIVE LONGITUDINAL STUDY
The

4/29/12

respondents think back and respond to the questions about the past experience of the answers are incorrect or inaccurate in some way unreliable than prospective study longitudinal developmental issues
88

50%

More

SIMULTANEOUS CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Partly Examines

Disadvantage:

changes are related to different experience

2.2. other longitudinal research designs

Rotating Split

4/29/12

panels

panels study longitudinal design research

Cohort

Accelerated

Experimental

99

4/29/12

2.3. longitudinal qualitative research

Longitudinal

method

research QUAN method + QUAL

The

potential of LQR: do they offer a bigger picture? complexity of QUAL data analysis increased impact of panel conditioning

The The

10 10

2.4. longitudial quantitative data analysis

Different

4/29/12

changes require different statistical procedures the appropriate theoretical model to the statistical model dimensions of longitudinal QUAN data analysis: Time series analysis Common design (in applied linguistics)
11 11

Matching

1. 2.

3. Choosing a design: longitudinal vs. cross-sectional

Cross-sectional: Longitudinal:
Longer Shorter More expensive Cheaper Difficulties in gathering the research No difficulties with gathering research

4/29/12

participants
Panel conditioning No panel conditioning More difficult to control Easier to control

12 12

4/29/12

Bibliography
Drnei, Z. (2007). Research methods in applied linguistics: quantitative, qualitative and mixed methodologies. Oxford: OUP. For more informations: Somekh, B., Lewin, C. (ed.) (2005). Research methods in social sciences. London: Sage Publications. Mackey, A., Gass, S.M. (2005). Second Language Research: Methodology and Design. London: LEA.

13 13