TOUCH SCREEN

Developed by:

SAGAR SINGHA 08182003051 ECE 8TH SEM

Contents:
INTRODUCTION ATTRIBUTES HISTORY TECHNOLOGY CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT APPLICATIONS LIMITATIONS CONCLUSION

Introduction

A touchscreen is an electronic visual display that can detect the presence and location of a touch within the display area. The term generally refers to touching the display of the device with a finger or hand.

Attributes

It has mainly two attributes:

A. It enables one to interact directly with what is displayed. B. It lets one do so without requiring any intermediate device that would need to be held in the hand.

History
HISTORY: Here some history about how this technology develops since 1974----1974: the first true touch screen incorporating a transparent surface was developed by Sam Hurst and Elographics. 1983: Hewlett-Packard's HP-150 was one of the first comercially available touchscreen PCs. A grid of infrared beams across the front of the monitor detected finger movements. The IR sensors would often become clogged with dust and require cleaning. 1993: Long before the iPad, Apple led the way in handheld computing with its Newton PDA. Featuring handwriting recognition, it is widely regarded as having been ahead of its time. Used models still sell for a high price on internet auction site. 1993: The first ever smartphone IBM\'s Simon featured a calendar, note pad, and fax function. Users were able to input phone numbers using a touchscreen interface. 1996: Palm dominated the touchscreen PDA market for almost a decade with its Pilot series. The company moved into smartphones, ditching its own operating system in favour of Windows Mobile. Its latest handheld, the Palm Pre, uses the Linux-based WebOS. 2000: Microsoft founder Bill Gates saw the potential of handheld 'tablet' devices The company launched Windows XP Tablet edition in 2002. Relatively few people bought tablet PCs, mainly because of the high price of the hardware.. 2004: Touchscreen smartphones grew in popularity during the 2000s. Nokias Symbian handsets, Windows Mobile, and SonyEricsson's UIQ phones all helped move the technology forward. 2007: Apple's iPhone shook-up the smartphone industry. The first model lacked many common features, including 3G and video recording. However its slick user interface and App Store left other manufacturers playing catch-up. 2008: More for commercial than home use. Microsoft's touch-controlled table computer costs 8,500. The system allows many users to interact at the same time. Microsoft introduced multi-touch for home PCs with the launch of Windows 7 in 2009. 2010: Critics described the iPad as 'just a big iPhone'. Many were disappointed by the lack of a camera and multi-tasking facility. In the US, the iPad sold 1 million units within a month of its launch.

Technology
Resistive Capacitive Surface capacitance Projected capacitance Mutual Capacitance Self Capacitance Surface aquastic wave Infra red

Construction

There are several principal ways to build a touch screen. In the most popular techniques, the capacitive or resistive approach. now a days maximum touch screen mobile phone is made with capacitive technology.

Development
The development of multipoint touch screens facilitated the tracking of more than one finger on the screen, thus operations that require more than one finger are possible.
With the growing acceptance of many kinds of products with an integral touch screen interface, the marginal cost of touch screen technology is routinely absorbed into the products that incorporate it and is effectively eliminated.

Latest development is the DUAL TOUCH-SCREEN Another latest technology is DISPLAX which can datect the air movement blowing through its surface.

Applications
Mobile phones(eg. iphones) Computers Mp3 players

Limitations

Finger stress Fingerprints Combined with haptics Gorilla arm

Conclusion
Touch screen is a revolutionary development. It is slowly but surely changing the outlook of almost all electronic gadgets.

THANK YOU