DEEPAK

HARISH

NEHA

VIDYA

WINSTON

PARTH

WHAT IS ERGONOMICS?
Ergonomics derived from Two Greek words ergon meaning work nomoi meaning natural law Study human capabilities in relationship to work demands Definitionis the study of peoples efficiency in their working environment Human ergonomics means the study of how humans interact with their work stations

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 Ergonomics is involved in the interaction of the three components of all work tasks. 1. The work 2. The worker 3. The workspace/Environment

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AIM:
The aim of ergonomics is to minimize the mismatch that occurs between the person and the job or match the capabilities of humans and the requirements of the job they are expected to perform. It is concerned with the design of man machine interfaces to improve factors affecting health, efficiency comfort and safety. Ergonomics helps to achieve the following: Make the job safer by preventing injuries Makes the job easier by adjusting the job to the worker Makes the job more pleasant by reducing physical and mental stress
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WHY:

Ergonomics is needed in office to prevent the injuries or stress (ergonomics hazards) that can occur due to nonpresence of Ergonomics.

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VIDYA

COMPUTER ERGONOMICS:
Workplace is often the place with lowest risk of injury as opposed to injuries from outdoor activities like Basketball, tennis, skydiving etc. MSD (Musculoskeletal disorder) can cause great discomfort if proper ergonomic guidelines are not taken into consideration. MSD happens because of repetitive stress and strain to the body system

Ergonomic posture at the computer is essential in preventing MSD injuries and increasing productivity.
OSHAs guidelines for computer work stations. They are as follows:

NEHA

OSHA GUIDELINES:
If you are using Computer or Laptop then the following are the factors one should keep in mind: 1. Glare to the screen is not recommended 2. Incandescent light is preferred over fluorescent lighting 3. Backrest or Ergonomic back support for chair to support your lower back 4. Seat has cushioning and has a padded waterfall front 5. Ergonomics Arm rests 6. A footstool or footrest must be provided 7. The chair must have casters (wheels) 8. Monitor position is right in front of you 9. Monitor is as far as possible but still allows you to read the screen 10. Glare is not reflected on your screen. 11. Wrists should not rest on hard or sharp edges 12. While using mouse the hand should be 180 degrees 13. Set the monitor height directly in line with the eye NEHA

 Use a separate mouse and keyboard that would ensure neutral wrist posture Use a chair which is adjustable and which makes you sit in a reclined position

NEHA

COMPUTER INJURIES:
Musculoskeletal Disorder is repetitive strain injuries and back pain, posture disorders. MSD is a condition which affects the part of body that is subjected to repeated stress, strain or both. MSD occurs when part of the musculoskeletal system is called on to work harder, stretch farther, at a greater level than it is prepared for It causes great pain and discomfort if it occurs repeatedly. Work-related musculoskeletal system disorder develop from repeated stress

NEHA

TWO TYPES OF MSD:

Repetitive strain injuries (RSIs) Carpal Tunnel, Tendinitis, Lateral Epicondylitis (tennis/golfer's elbow)
Back pain/disorders - spinal disc problems, hernias etc.

NEHA

CAUSES OF MSD:

repetitive and heavy lifting bending and twisting repeating an action too frequently uncomfortable working position posture disorders exerting too much force

NEHA

CAUSES OF MSD:

vibrations working too long without breaks adverse working environment (e.g. hot, cold) psychosocial factors (e.g. high job demands, time pressures and lack of control) not receiving and acting upon reports of symptoms quick enough

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PREVENTION and TREATMENT OF MSDs

Arrangement of desk, desk chair, computer in relation to the body Using comfort equipment such as footrests, wrist/palm rests, and document holders if required Keep the mouse and keyboard at ergonomic levels to the body Ergonomic technologies eg. Keyboards, mouse, etc. Regular break intervals between tasks Regular stretching to relax the body Avoid prolonged exposure to one task

Look for conditions that contribute to MSDs

DEEPAK

TYPING ERGONOMICS
Goal of Typing Ergonomics is to reduce the strain, and wear and tear of your joints as you repeatedly type away According to OSHA, 95% of a workers day is spent in front of a computer, typing and using a mouse Using ergonomic keyboard and ergonomic workstation are great for reducing risk of computer injuries To prevent computer injuries like Carpal Tunnel System, we should learn how to type properly, the proper typing posture, keyboard and hand posture
DEEPAK

ERGONOMICS @ WORKPLACE
This is becoming increasingly important Ergonomics is the science of fitting workplace conditions and job demands to the capabilities of working population is sometimes described as Human Engineering Ergonomic health safety is an area that is commonly overlooked According to OSHA statistics: Ergonomics in workplace is mostly referred to posture and sitting position in front of the computer 95%of an office workers day is spent in front of the computer MSD resulting from poor workplace account for 34% of all lost workday injuries and illness. Office ergonomics done right can increase productivity by 11% DEEPAK

ERGONOMICS CRUCIAL FOR JOB EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY

Is crucial for job efficiency and productivity Workplace health, reducing the risk of developing repetitive stress injuries, and keeping morale high Ares where workplace safety ergonomics can be employed are Requiring repetitive, forceful, prolonged extensions Frequent heavy lifting, pushing or pulling heavy objects Prolonged awkward postures

DEEPAK

COMMON COMPUTER INJURIES

Ergonomic related injuries are known as repetitive stress injuries known as MSD Tendonitis- inflammation of tendon Types: Wrist Hand Knee Elbow Achilles

DEEPAK

Tennis Elbow Inflammation, soreness, or pain on the outside of the upper arm near the elbow. there may be partial tear of the tendon fibers, which connect muscle to bone

Neck Injury It is an injury to the cervical spine. This happens because the height of the monitor is not correct for the person using it

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Back Injury Results from damage, wear, or trauma to the bones, muscles or other tissues of the back. This happens because the chair or workstation is not ergonomically designed because of which the person is prone to injuries

Strain/Sprain An injury to the ligament is called a sprain. An injury to the muscle or tendon is called strain

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Bursitis Is inflammation of the fluid filled sac (bursa) that lies between a tendon and skin, or between tendon and bone. The condition may be acute or chronic.

Types of Bursitis: Knee Elbow Shoulder Foot Hip

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Thoracic outlet syndrome Is a rare condition that involves pain in the neck and shoulder, numbness and tingling in fingers, and a weak grip Thoracic outlet is the area between rib cage and collar bone.

Trigger Finger Also called trigger digit A common disorder of later adulthood characterized by catching, snapping or locking of the involved finger flexor tendon associated with dysfunction and pain

HARISH

WORKSTATION ERGONOMICS
Is the science of designing the workstation to fit the worker

WHY is it important?
Need to be aware of workstation ergonomics. Need to ensure that workstation fits our bodies and out natural way of moving. This can impact health, productivity and even mood Computer injuries can be prevented

HARISH

DO you notice your strain?

The problem is lack of knowledge of workstation ergonomics they accept that back pains come with getting older

Try to get rid of it by seeing massage therapists

Greater knowledge of office ergonomics can make a difference Learning about it can save money and time Reduces occupational health payments Increases productivity

HARISH

Characteristics of Ergonomic workstation: Desks should come at a standard height but because we all have different height and length of legs. Desk should be according to the worker working at the workstation A tall person may need to raise his/her work surface while a shorter person, lowered. Ergonomic chairs with adjustable heights with adjustable back rest and waterfall like shape in the front

Ergonomic keyboard, mouse

Ergonomic lighting
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ERGONOMIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT

Laptop Docking station Is a simplified way of plugging in an electronic device such as laptop to common peripherals.

Footrest Is designed to keep your feet supported and comfortable, ease leg problem and lessen lower back issues

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Ergonomic keyboard arms

Chair lumbar support

Document Holder

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ERGONOMICS AT SCHOOL
Every office place of work must provide ergonomic surrounding A school is also a place of work

Ergonomics education is not taught at school

23% of elementary students and 33% of secondary students complain of back aches

The maximum load should be 15% of body weight

Musculoskeletal symptoms were reported 77.1% of students 83% of elementary school children sit at chair-desk which are not suitable for their body height
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 Elementary children around 9 hours sitting per day Conventional chairs have a rigid seat that inclines backwards Need to allow sitting with movement. For e.g. Flexichair Rocking mechanism- swivel chair with height adjustment

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PERSONS WEIGHT 27.24 kg 27.24-34.05 kg 45.4 kg 56.75 kg 68.1 kg 90.8 kg or more

MAXIMUM BACKPACK WEIGHT 2.27 kg 4.54 kg 6.81 kg 8.172 kg 9.08 kg 11.35 kg

The above are the maximum backpack weight a student should carry in school. It should be 15% of the body weight and not more than that

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HOME ERGONOMICS
We have learned workplace Ergonomics but what about Home Ergonomics Ergonomics is the idea of having components of a home that have been designed with the bodys comfort in mind. Ergonomics Sofa When you are sitting, you place enormous pressure on your back Have a back rest helps relieve some burden from the back Sofa should not be too low, causing knees to bend less than 90 degrees If sofa is very soft you find yourself sinking in which causes too much pressure on your hips

PARTH

Ergonomic Lounge chair You can lounge around and slouch Dont stay in one position for too long Ergonomic Bedroom Ergonomic Bed/Pillow/Mattress/sleep You spend 1/3 or 1/4 of a year in your bed, you should not ignore ergonomic and good principle postures for it
Neck Pillow

WINSTON

ERGONOMIC KITCHEN AND TABLE We have already studied importance of right height when it comes to ergonomic table It is impossible to have a ergonomically designed dining table for the full family ERGONOMIC KNIFE Is something that takes the stress off your wrist, hand and arms which makes cutting much easier

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BICYCLE, BIKE, CAR ERGONOMICS While cars are now designed ergonomically, it still faces the age old problem- not everybodys body is the same Look at the comfort of the car, position of the seat such that you have to stretch your legs Ergonomic car seats is good choice Bicycles are used for recreation, fitness Adjusting the bike to fit you ergonomically is crucial in avoiding repetitive strain injuries Ergonomic bicycle seat is recommended to reduce injury
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ERGONOMICS TRAINING

There is a great need for ergonomics training for most common workplace
Where can one get Ergonomics Training. There are ergonomic courses and conferences provided by companies. Hiring an ergonomic consultant to come to the workplace to train employees for a short program

Some companies also offer ergonomics certification

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ERGONOMIC EXERCISES
Ergonomic exercises for computer users Do these exercises a few times today. Relax and do them gently. Neck Exercises: HEAD ROLL HEAD TURNS CHIN TUCKS

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SHOULDER ROLLS

SHOULDER ROLLS

SHOULDER ROLLS

EYE EREXCISE

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