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HARISH
NEHA
VIDYA
WINSTON
PARTH
WHAT IS ERGONOMICS?
Ergonomics derived from Two Greek words ergon meaning work nomoi meaning natural law Study human capabilities in relationship to work demands Definitionis the study of peoples efficiency in their working environment Human ergonomics means the study of how humans interact with their work stations
VIDYA
Ergonomics is involved in the interaction of the three components of all work tasks. 1. The work 2. The worker 3. The workspace/Environment
VIDYA
AIM:
The aim of ergonomics is to minimize the mismatch that occurs between the person and the job or match the capabilities of humans and the requirements of the job they are expected to perform. It is concerned with the design of man machine interfaces to improve factors affecting health, efficiency comfort and safety. Ergonomics helps to achieve the following: Make the job safer by preventing injuries Makes the job easier by adjusting the job to the worker Makes the job more pleasant by reducing physical and mental stress
VIDYA
WHY:
Ergonomics is needed in office to prevent the injuries or stress (ergonomics hazards) that can occur due to nonpresence of Ergonomics.
VIDYA
VIDYA
COMPUTER ERGONOMICS:
Workplace is often the place with lowest risk of injury as opposed to injuries from outdoor activities like Basketball, tennis, skydiving etc. MSD (Musculoskeletal disorder) can cause great discomfort if proper ergonomic guidelines are not taken into consideration. MSD happens because of repetitive stress and strain to the body system
Ergonomic posture at the computer is essential in preventing MSD injuries and increasing productivity.
OSHAs guidelines for computer work stations. They are as follows:
NEHA
OSHA GUIDELINES:
If you are using Computer or Laptop then the following are the factors one should keep in mind: 1. Glare to the screen is not recommended 2. Incandescent light is preferred over fluorescent lighting 3. Backrest or Ergonomic back support for chair to support your lower back 4. Seat has cushioning and has a padded waterfall front 5. Ergonomics Arm rests 6. A footstool or footrest must be provided 7. The chair must have casters (wheels) 8. Monitor position is right in front of you 9. Monitor is as far as possible but still allows you to read the screen 10. Glare is not reflected on your screen. 11. Wrists should not rest on hard or sharp edges 12. While using mouse the hand should be 180 degrees 13. Set the monitor height directly in line with the eye NEHA
Use a separate mouse and keyboard that would ensure neutral wrist posture Use a chair which is adjustable and which makes you sit in a reclined position
NEHA
COMPUTER INJURIES:
Musculoskeletal Disorder is repetitive strain injuries and back pain, posture disorders. MSD is a condition which affects the part of body that is subjected to repeated stress, strain or both. MSD occurs when part of the musculoskeletal system is called on to work harder, stretch farther, at a greater level than it is prepared for It causes great pain and discomfort if it occurs repeatedly. Work-related musculoskeletal system disorder develop from repeated stress
NEHA
Repetitive strain injuries (RSIs) Carpal Tunnel, Tendinitis, Lateral Epicondylitis (tennis/golfer's elbow)
Back pain/disorders - spinal disc problems, hernias etc.
NEHA
CAUSES OF MSD:
repetitive and heavy lifting bending and twisting repeating an action too frequently uncomfortable working position posture disorders exerting too much force
NEHA
CAUSES OF MSD:
vibrations working too long without breaks adverse working environment (e.g. hot, cold) psychosocial factors (e.g. high job demands, time pressures and lack of control) not receiving and acting upon reports of symptoms quick enough
DEEPAK
TYPING ERGONOMICS
Goal of Typing Ergonomics is to reduce the strain, and wear and tear of your joints as you repeatedly type away According to OSHA, 95% of a workers day is spent in front of a computer, typing and using a mouse Using ergonomic keyboard and ergonomic workstation are great for reducing risk of computer injuries To prevent computer injuries like Carpal Tunnel System, we should learn how to type properly, the proper typing posture, keyboard and hand posture
DEEPAK
ERGONOMICS @ WORKPLACE
This is becoming increasingly important Ergonomics is the science of fitting workplace conditions and job demands to the capabilities of working population is sometimes described as Human Engineering Ergonomic health safety is an area that is commonly overlooked According to OSHA statistics: Ergonomics in workplace is mostly referred to posture and sitting position in front of the computer 95%of an office workers day is spent in front of the computer MSD resulting from poor workplace account for 34% of all lost workday injuries and illness. Office ergonomics done right can increase productivity by 11% DEEPAK
DEEPAK
DEEPAK
Tennis Elbow Inflammation, soreness, or pain on the outside of the upper arm near the elbow. there may be partial tear of the tendon fibers, which connect muscle to bone
Neck Injury It is an injury to the cervical spine. This happens because the height of the monitor is not correct for the person using it
HARISH
Back Injury Results from damage, wear, or trauma to the bones, muscles or other tissues of the back. This happens because the chair or workstation is not ergonomically designed because of which the person is prone to injuries
Strain/Sprain An injury to the ligament is called a sprain. An injury to the muscle or tendon is called strain
HARISH
Bursitis Is inflammation of the fluid filled sac (bursa) that lies between a tendon and skin, or between tendon and bone. The condition may be acute or chronic.
HARISH
Thoracic outlet syndrome Is a rare condition that involves pain in the neck and shoulder, numbness and tingling in fingers, and a weak grip Thoracic outlet is the area between rib cage and collar bone.
Trigger Finger Also called trigger digit A common disorder of later adulthood characterized by catching, snapping or locking of the involved finger flexor tendon associated with dysfunction and pain
HARISH
WORKSTATION ERGONOMICS
Is the science of designing the workstation to fit the worker
WHY is it important?
Need to be aware of workstation ergonomics. Need to ensure that workstation fits our bodies and out natural way of moving. This can impact health, productivity and even mood Computer injuries can be prevented
HARISH
HARISH
Characteristics of Ergonomic workstation: Desks should come at a standard height but because we all have different height and length of legs. Desk should be according to the worker working at the workstation A tall person may need to raise his/her work surface while a shorter person, lowered. Ergonomic chairs with adjustable heights with adjustable back rest and waterfall like shape in the front
Footrest Is designed to keep your feet supported and comfortable, ease leg problem and lessen lower back issues
PARTH
Document Holder
PARTH
ERGONOMICS AT SCHOOL
Every office place of work must provide ergonomic surrounding A school is also a place of work
Elementary children around 9 hours sitting per day Conventional chairs have a rigid seat that inclines backwards Need to allow sitting with movement. For e.g. Flexichair Rocking mechanism- swivel chair with height adjustment
PARTH
The above are the maximum backpack weight a student should carry in school. It should be 15% of the body weight and not more than that
PARTH
HOME ERGONOMICS
We have learned workplace Ergonomics but what about Home Ergonomics Ergonomics is the idea of having components of a home that have been designed with the bodys comfort in mind. Ergonomics Sofa When you are sitting, you place enormous pressure on your back Have a back rest helps relieve some burden from the back Sofa should not be too low, causing knees to bend less than 90 degrees If sofa is very soft you find yourself sinking in which causes too much pressure on your hips
PARTH
Ergonomic Lounge chair You can lounge around and slouch Dont stay in one position for too long Ergonomic Bedroom Ergonomic Bed/Pillow/Mattress/sleep You spend 1/3 or 1/4 of a year in your bed, you should not ignore ergonomic and good principle postures for it
Neck Pillow
WINSTON
ERGONOMIC KITCHEN AND TABLE We have already studied importance of right height when it comes to ergonomic table It is impossible to have a ergonomically designed dining table for the full family ERGONOMIC KNIFE Is something that takes the stress off your wrist, hand and arms which makes cutting much easier
WINSTON
BICYCLE, BIKE, CAR ERGONOMICS While cars are now designed ergonomically, it still faces the age old problem- not everybodys body is the same Look at the comfort of the car, position of the seat such that you have to stretch your legs Ergonomic car seats is good choice Bicycles are used for recreation, fitness Adjusting the bike to fit you ergonomically is crucial in avoiding repetitive strain injuries Ergonomic bicycle seat is recommended to reduce injury
WINSTON
ERGONOMICS TRAINING
There is a great need for ergonomics training for most common workplace
Where can one get Ergonomics Training. There are ergonomic courses and conferences provided by companies. Hiring an ergonomic consultant to come to the workplace to train employees for a short program
WINSTON
ERGONOMIC EXERCISES
Ergonomic exercises for computer users Do these exercises a few times today. Relax and do them gently. Neck Exercises: HEAD ROLL HEAD TURNS CHIN TUCKS
WINSTON
SHOULDER ROLLS
SHOULDER ROLLS
SHOULDER ROLLS
EYE EREXCISE
WINSTON