Katipunan - a secret revolutionary society founded by Andres Bonifacio

Dr. Pio Valenzuela - secret emmisary of Katipunan to Dapitan

For 26 days (August 6-September,1896) Rizal stayed on board the Castilla August 26 - Bonifacio and the Filipino patriots raised the Cry of Balintawak August 29 - Katipunan plot to rise in arms against Spain was discovered by Father Mariano Gil (Augustinian parish priest of Tondo)

August 30 - he receive a letter from Governor Blanco wishing him happiness and two additional letter of recommendation for the Ministry of War (General Marcelo de Azcarraga, Philippine born Spaniard) and the Ministry of Colonies

September 3, 1896 - left Spain on board the steamer Isla de Panay

September 7 - streamer Singapore, a British colony

reached

Don Pedro Roxas and his son Periquin get off the ship

September 30- Rizal was placed under arrest by the ship skipper, Captain A. Alemany, upon the telegraphic orders from Manila October 13- Isla de Panay arrived at Barcelona, Feast Day of St. Francis de Assisi General Despujol- the same man who banished him to Dapitan now military Commander of Catalua Montjuich Castle

Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor and Sixto Lopez dispatch frantic telegrams Mr. Fort- English lawyer The crux of Mr. Fonts legal contention was Rizal was illegally detained on the Spanish steamer

November 3- the steamer Colon arrived in Manila Incommunicado

Tortured: *Deodato Arellano *Domingo Franco *Dr. Pio Valenzuela *Timoteo Paez *Moises Salvador *Pacino(cruelly tortured) *Jose Dizon

Judge Advocate, Colonel Francisco Olive 2 kinds of evidence * documentary * testimonial

Documentary evidence 15 exhibits

Testimonial evidence
*Martin Constantino *Domingo Franco *Aguedo del Rosario *Jose Dizon *Ambrosio Salvador *Jose Reyes *Moises Salvador *Timoteo Paez *Pedro Serrano Laktaw *Deodato Arellano *Dr. Pio Valenzuela *Antonio Salazar *Francisco Quison

At the conclusion of the preliminary investigation Colonel Olive - Governor BlancoCaptain Rafael Dominguez- Don Nicolas de la Pea (opinion)
Recommendations: 1. the accused be brought to trial 2. he should be kept in prison 3. an order of attachment be issued against his properties to the amount of 1 M pesos as indemnity 4. he should be defended in court by an army officer, not by civilian lawyer

RIZAL CHOOSES HIS DEFENDER

December 8- Feast Day of Immaculate Conception -a list of 100 first and second lieutenants in the Spanish Army was presented to Rizal Don Luis Taviel de Andrade- 1st lieutenant of the artillery -familiar -brother of Jose(Rizal bodyguard in Calamba 1887)

December 11 - to the question asked, Rizal replied: 1. He did not question the jurisdiction of the court 2. He had nothing to amend, except that since his deportation to Dapitan in 1892 he had not engaged in politics 3. He did not admit the charges preffered against him 4. He did not admit the declaration of the witnesses aginst him

December 13 - the case against Riazal was reffered to Governor Camilo C. de Polavieja, who had just replaced Governor Blanco

December 15 - he wrote a manifesto to his people appealing to them to stop the unnecessary shedding of blood and to achieve their liberties by means of education and industry. It was written in his prison cell at Fort Santiago Judge Advocate Nicolas de la Pea recommended to Governor Polavieja that the manifesto be surpressed. Accordingly its publication was prohibited.

December 26, 1896- he who was accustomed to spend this merry season in the company of his beloved family of dear friends, found himself alone and depressed in a dreary cell.

His trial was an eloquent proof of Spanish injustice and misrule December 26, 1896(8:00 am) - the court martial of Rizal started in the military building called Cuartel de Espaa

7 members of military court:

Lt. Col. Jose Togores Arjona (pres) Capt. Ricardo Muos Arias Capt. Manuel Reguera Capt. Santiago Izquierdo Capt. Braulio Rodriguez Nuez Capt. Manuel Diaz Escribano Capt. Fernando Perez Rodriguez

Also present at the courtroom were Dr. Rizal, Lt. Taviel de Andrade, Capt. Rafael Dominguez (Judge Advocate), Lt. Enrique de Alcocer (Prosecuting Attorney) and the spectator. Among the expectator were Josephine Bracken, a sister of Rizal, some newspapermen, and many Spaniards Rizal was accused of 3 crimes:

1. rebellion 2. sedition 3. illegal association

In his preliminary defense, he further proved his innocence by twelve points On the same day, the court decision was submitted to Gov. Polavieja then sought the opinion of Judge advocate Gen. Nicolas de la Pea. The latter affirm the death verdict.

December 28 - Gov. Polavieja approved the decision of the court martial and ordered the execution of Rizal on December 30th at Bagumbayan Field (Luneta)