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PRESENTAION ON

FUSING MACHINE

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Fusing

It is a method of joining materials by the means of pressure and temperature, applied over a period of time.

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Due to temperature and pressure dry solid glue change to viscous fluid and spread over and in the fibers of fabric. The usual maximum temperature is 1750C and normally used is 1500C. It is usually done in some kind of specialised fusing press.

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Means of fusing
Fusing equipments must provide control of three factors: Temperature: It changes dry thermoplastic resin into partially molten state. If the temperature is very low then it would give poor subsequent adhesion and if too high it would result in strike-back . Pressure: It ensures intimate contact between the layers. If it is too low it would reduce penetration and if too high then strike back or through would result. Time: To produce satisfactory bond time is also important.It changes according to the fabric or material used.

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Fusing equipments
The equipment used for fusing can be divided into: 1. Specialised fusing press 2. Hand irons 3. Steam presses
sSome companies : veit, astex, macpi, hashima,Aammegiesser etc.

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1) Specialised fusing press

These presses vary according to the use: a) Flat bed fusing press It is consist of two horizontal metal platens. Top platen is unpadded but the bottom one has resilient cover of silicone rubber. Heat is provided by electric elements, can be on top or on both platens. Pressure is applied mechanically , hydraulically or pneumatically.
Vertical action closer

Types: Vertical action closer: gives more accurate pressure action.

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Scissors action closer

Scissors action closer: normally controlled by automatic timer according to operation.

Sizes: 1 mts Advantages: Suitable for small scale production Low cost ,small size and simplest version Reduce shrinkage Disadvantage: Crush piles of fabrics like velvet

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b) Continuous fusing press

In this system garment is passed through a heat source simultaneously or subsequently applying pressure.
Heat is provided by 3 ways: 1. With direct heating 2. With indirect heating 3. With gradual change in temperature

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Disadvantages Fabric prone to shrinkage shrink more than in flat bed fusing.

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c) High frequency fusing

It is used for multiple layers of fabric and interlining. The alternating waves from a high frequency generator are absorbed by material, which generate friction heat between the molecules and thus distribute resin uniformly. Maximum height of fabric: 70mm Less pressure than convectional methods eg, for 30kw unit, operating time is 1-3 mins ,load is 5-20 kg. Disadvantage Moisture content should be correct, otherwise layer can be over fused or under fused.

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2) Hand iron
Used for interlinings fused at relatively low temperature and pressure. Only small parts can be fused with any degree of success. Cannot apply pressure uniformly. Commonly used in menswear such as pockets, vents and hems.
Hand iron

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3) Steam press
It is used for intermediate or final pressing of made up garments. Pressure is applied pneumatically or mechanically. Vacuum in the lower part assists cooling Uses Fusing in the positioning and initial attaching of fusible shoulder pads in mens jacket.
Steam press

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Quality control in fusing

1. 2. 3. 4. Checks on temperature Checks on pressure Checks on time Checks on garment quality

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Checking of temperature
It can be check by two methods By pyrometer: it consist of long wire probe which are inserted between the plies to measure the temperature. Used for flat bed press. Thermo-paper: it is consist of a narrow stripe with a series of heat-sensitive areas. Used for continuous as well as flat bed press

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Checks on pressure
Only evenness of the pressure can be measured.

The method uses stripes of paper:

Pressure in continuous presses: pulling out the stripes by hand when stripes are partially through the rollers. it will show if there is bowing in the rollers. Pressure in flat bed press : stripes are placed around the periphery of the flat bed then when stripes are withdrawn from the closed edges , the ease or difficulty of withdrawing shows the evenness of pressure

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Check on time
Time of fusing in flat bed and continuous press can be measured by stop watch. Time of fusing also changes according to the different fabrics and interlinings.

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Checks on garment quality

For this firstly a large enough section to cover full width of press is fused , a 5cm by 15cm stripe is taken from this piece length-wise. Sample is suspended from a fixed point by clip, the spring balance is attached to the clip and force required to peel them apart is noted. Alternatively a series of different weights can also be used.

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THANK YOU!!!!

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