GENERATION OF COMPUTERS

Prepared By:
- Niti Vachhani

CONTENTS
Various Generations First Generation Second Generation Third Generation Forth Generation Fifth Generation Images Conclusion References

VARIOUS GENERATIONS
First Generation
VACUUM TUBE COMPUTERS

TRANSISTORIZED COMPUTERS

Second Generation

Third generation

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

MICROPROCESSOR BASED

Forth Generation

Fifth Generation

PARALLEL PROCESSING

FIRST GENERATION

Vacuum tubes (1940-1956) (Electronics tubes of size of light bulb)

Eg. : UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer), ENIAC, etc.

Software-Machine language Disadvantage:

Temperature regulation Climate control

SECOND GENERATION

Transistors and diodes (1956-1963)

Reduced size (1/100th of 1st generation)

Software-Assembly language

Advantages:

More reliable

Greater computational speed

No warm up time Less electricity (energy)

THIRD GENERATION

Integrated circuit (1964-1971) (square silicon chips with circuitry that can perform function of hundreds of transistors) Software- structured programming languages (C, COBOL, FORTRAN, etc) Advantages:

More reliable Low cost Smaller size

FORTH GENERATION

Microprocessor based (1971-present) (Silicon chip containing CPU)

Performs all functions of central processing unit

Initiated by 4004 chip introduced by Intel in 1971 (Still today's computer) Software- Domain specific languages like SQL (Database access), TEX (Text formatting)

FORTH GENERATION (CONTD..)

Advantages:

Faster Solid state memory (Instead of magnetic core memory) Less Energy Less cost Small size

Large Data storage and processing capability

FIFTH GENERATION

Massive parallel processing (Present and beyond) Aim: epoch making super computer-development in artificial intelligence Previous-increasing no. of logic elements, 5th generation-improving performance/processing time Software-Logic programmer language

IMAGES

2nd generation

4th generation

1st generation

3rd generation

5th generation

CONCLUSION

Right from beginning, development has taken place in hardware as well as software field of computers

Today's computer are forth generation

Commercially at homes, offices, etc

REFERENCES

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_generation_computer http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Hardware_Soft ware/2002/FiveGenerations.asp http://www.techiwarehouse.com/engine/a046ee08/Gener ations-of-Computer