ENTERAL NUTRITION

SANA INAM LECTURER College of Pharmacy ,GCUF

Enteral Feeding
A provision of liquid formula diets by mouth or by tube into the alimentary tract Given for patients who are unable to take sufficient nutrients by mouth Required for patients who are capable on digesting and absorbing nutrients

Enteral Feeding
Direct infusion into the intestines of nutrients in liquid form Treats and prevents malnutrition and nutritional deficiencies

Route of Enteral Administration

NASOGASTRIC Passing of food through the nose to the stomach

Route of Enteral Administration

NASODUODENAL Passing of food through the nose to the duodenum
NASOJEJUNAL Passing of food through the nose to the jejunum

Route of Enteral Administration

GASTROSTOMY
a surgical operation in which an opening is made through the wall of the stomach and is joined to an opening in the adjacent abdominal wall. It is performed to allow food and liquids to be placed directly into the stomach via a tube when the esophagus is affected by disease or recovering from

JEJUNOSTOMY a surgical operation that creates access from the outside of the body into the middle part of the small intestine (jejunum) so that nourishment can be directly introduced

Enteral Feeding Supplies

Feeding tubes Enteral containers Enteral pumps

Enteral Feeding Tubes

Tube Composition Polyvinylchloride (PVC) Silicone (Silastic) Polyurethane

Enteral Feeding Tubes

Tube Composition Advantages
PVC Easy to place Resists collapse Flexible More comfortable than polyurethane

Disadvantages
Risk of damage Replace every 3 days Smaller diameter

Silastic

Polyurethane

Flexible Good patient tolerance

Enteral Feeding Supplies

Enteral containers

Enteral Feeding Supplies

Enteral pumps

Feeding Administration

Bolus feeding Rapid administration of formula on a short period of time It causes delayed gastric emptying, may cause reflux and vomiting

Feeding Administration
Continuous Infusion Controlled delivery of a prescribed volume of formula at constant rate over a continuous period of time Uses infusion pump Fewer GI side effects

Feeding Administration
Intermittent infusion The total formula needed in one day is divided into equal portions Administered through gravity over 30 90 mins.

Approach to Nutritional Support

Nutritional Assessment
Maintenance Repletion

GI Tract Functional
YES NO

Enteral Nutrition

Parenteral Nutrition

Enteral Nutrition Algorithm

Normal Intestinal Absorption
Yes No

Standard Formula
Chronic Nutritional Support No

Defined Formula

Yes

Nasoenteric Tube
Aspiration Risk No

Tube enterostomy

Yes

No

Nasogastric Tube

Jejunostomy

Gastrostomy