DC Supply System

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Presentation outline
Duties DC Loads DC system Types of Batteries

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DC SYSTEM IS DESIGNED
TO SUPPLY HIGH STANDARD OF RELIABLE & SECURE DC POWER UNDER NORMAL & ABNORMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS ULTIMATE & FINAL DC BACK-UP POWER TO EQUIPMENT AND DC DRIVES WHEN TOTAL AC SUPPLY FAILS HENCE THEY ARE BATTERY BACKED

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DUTIES
TO SUPPLY EQUIPMENT WHICH REQUIRES DC DURING NORMAL CONDITIONS TO SUPPLY STANDBY EQUIPMENT/DC DRIVES TO SUPPLY STARTERS OF VARIOUS EQUIPMENT TO SUPPLY EQUIPMENT WHEN AC SUPPLIES HAVE BEEN LOST

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Types of Power Supplies In a Power Plant

11KV/3.3KV/415V AC Power Supply 415V AC Emergency Supply(DG) DC Power Supply UPS Supply

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DC Power Supply
Various Critical Drives Emergency DC Lighting Switchgear Control Supply for closing & tripping Control, Protection And Interlocks Indication, Annunciation & Alarm System Public Address System DAS And Communication System

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DC SuppliesWhy?

Emergency Lube Oil Pump

Emergency Jacking Oil Pump

Emergency Scanner Air Fan

Emergency Seal Oil Pump

Breaker/Unit Protections
Emergency Lighting

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The Ultimate Backup

In case of unit tripping / grid failure, either station changeover takes place / DG would start. Normally, grid supply would be restored in minimum possible time and DG would shut down. In case of DG failure, the DC backup comes in to service to facilitate safe shut down.

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Selection of voltage -DC POWER SUPPLY

In power plant D.C. pumps, lighting require comparatively high voltage due to their high power requirement. Hence as a standard these applications are designed with 220V level. It is desirable to have comparatively lower voltage24V/48V/110V for control/indications/annunciation due to safety reasons. However to avoid multiplicity of DC supplies (particularly we require two control supplies), we have adopted uniform 220V DC voltage for plant electrical systems for switchgear control, protection and interlock operation.

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DC POWER SUPPLY SCHEME

1. Earlier concept; 1X100% battery bank along with its chargers for each unit with interunit interconnection through high capacity DC bus bar. In view of large size of above DC loads of each unit and the large unit pitch it is necessary to provide a separate DC system (battery +chargers) to enhance the plants overall reliability. NTPC earlier plants Kahalgaon-I, Vindhchachal-I and some other also have above DC scheme. 2) Present concept; In view of the reasons explained above 2x100% capacity DC system is provided for each unit and switchyard separately. Minor DC loads of offsite areas in the plant i.e. WTP, Ash handling are fed from plant DC system as it is now restricted to limited area switchgear rooms, as control now no longer relay based.
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DC System
Battery Battery Charger

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DC SYSTEM
BATTERY CHARGERS [TWO/THREE] BATTERY BANKS [ONE/TWO] DC DISTRIBUTION BOARDS [ONE/TWO] DC FUSE BOARDS UN EARTHED SYSTEM CHARGER TROUBLE, DC EARTH FAULT AND DC VOLTAGE ABNORMAL ALARMS IN UCB

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220 V DC SYSTEM
Charger I Charger II

440 V 220 V DC 220 V DC

440 V

Battery Bank

Battery Bank

DCDB
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Feeders

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Feeders

Typical UPS System

440 V AC Converter

220 V DC
Inverter

Battery

220 V DC

ACDB

220 V AC UPS

All Unit Controls & Protection

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DG-1

DG-3

DG-2

X X X

DG SWGR-1

DG SWGR-2

UNIT EMER SWGR-1

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UNIT EMER SWGR-2

UNIT EMER SWGR-3

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UNIT EMER SWGR-4

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EMCC
(1) AOP-1 (2) Em. Lighting Trf. (3) TVDC Reserve Supply (4) UPS Ch. (5) Scanner Air Fan (6) BVDC Reserve Supply (7) AC Seal Oil Pump (8) Air Heater Lub Oil Panel (9) Jacking Oil Pump (10) Stator Water Pump-B (11) Barring Gear (12) +26 V DC ATRS Ch. B (13) -26V DC ATRS Ch.B (14) 26V DC FSSS Ch. B (15) 26V DC DDC Ch. A

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220 V DC
FSSS HT Breakers Vacuum Breakers HOTV/HORV Deaerator Overflow Valve GRP HP Heater Protections DC Fans & Pumps Extraction FCNRV V/Vs SADC Trim Device Load Shedding Relay Scanner Air Fan Outlet & Emergency Damper All DC Lights
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220 V Supplies
EMCC
MAIN CHARGER UPS CHARGER-1 DAS UPS CHARGER 1

USS
RESERVE CHARGER UPS CHARGER -2 DAS UPS CHARGER-2

+/- 24 VA DC CHARGER +/- 24 VB DC CHARGER DG SET BATTERY SYSTEM

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+/- 24 V DC System

EMCC

+/-24 V CHARGERA

Batteries 350AH

USS +/-24 V CHARGER-B

Batteries3 50AH

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+/- 24 V DC System
+24 V DC EHC ATRS PANNEL ALL TURBINE PROTECTIONS LPBP TSE STARTING DEVICE LUB OIL TEMP/CONTROL FLUID TEMP/MAL TEMP/COLD GAS TEMP EXCITATION SYSTEM CARDS JOP-3 LPBP SPEEDER GEAR/STARTING DEVICE EHC ATT ACS CABIN TSE LUB OIL TEMP/CONTROL FLUID TEMP/MAL TEMP/COLD GAS TEMP AVR GRP LOAD SHEDDING SOLENOID - 24 VDC

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Battery

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Types of Batteries
Lead Acid
Plante Tubular VRLA Pasted Plate

Nickel - Cadmium
Pocket Plate Tubular Plate Sintered Plate

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Applicable Standards
Lead Acid Plante Batteries IS:1652

Vented Ni-Cd Batteries IS:10918, IEC:60623

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Manufacturers In India
Lead Acid Plante Batteries Exide Industries Ni-Cd Pocket Plate Batteries AMCO Batteries HBL NIFE Batteries

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Battery Capacity
Expressed in ampere hour(AH) Duration of discharge-10 hr for Plante/5 hr for NiCd End cell voltage-1.85 volt for Lead acid plante/1.0 volt for Ni-Cd Ambient temperature-27 deg cent. Electrolyte specific gravity-1.2+-.005 lead acid plante cells

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SELECTION OF BATTERY TYPE IN POWER PLANT

Power plant batteries standby duty require high discharge performance with continuously connected on float mode operation. Expected Life of lead acid tubular is of the order of 8-10 years so in a power plant life of 25 years minimum two replacement would be required. Lead acid PLANTE and Ni-Cd (alkaline) have expected life of 15-20 years hence only one replacement would be required in whole plant life. In addition lead acid plante have much better discharge performance than tubular type for the specified emergency duration. In view of above plante type lead acid or Ni-Cd high discharge batteries are specified for power plant applications. Wherever there is space constraints VRLA batteries may be an option however this has also expected life of 8-10 years.
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THANK YOU

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