SWITCHYARD COMMISSIONING

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Presentation outline
Switchyard: Purpose and main parts Pre- Commissioning Requirement Switchyard Equipment Commissioning process: Circuit Breaker Isolator pantograph and line isolator CT CVT Lightening Arrestor (LA) Earth Switch Integrated checks Conclusion

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SWITCHYARD
Purpose : Transmit the electricity generated up to load centre Proper control and protection Communication Exchange of power in emergency Main parts : Control room Relay room EHV yard Compressor room, battery room,

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Switchyard Commissioning includes :

Indoor & Outdoor equipments Control circuit, logics , interlocks, indication Protection schemes Metering schemes Associated equipments like batteries, Compressors etc

Improper commissioning may lead to :

Outage of equipments, resulting in to huge financial loss, System Disturbance or even grid collapse Safety hazard

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BEFORE DOING ANY WORK

SWITCHYARD EQUIPMENTS COMMISSIONING

ENSURE THAT THE EQUIPMENT IS PROPERLY ISOLATED FROM SUPPLY AND EARTHED. ALSO, THE BAY NO / CONTROL PANEL NO. IS CORRECTLY IDENTIFIED.

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PRE- COMMISSIONING REQUIREMENT

Nomenclature criteria Schematic drawings Scope of work and time schedule Safety Clearance and permit system Civil work Lighting and earthing system Availability of :

Power supply Skilled / unskilled manpower Testing and commissioning equipments Drawings, schematic diagrams and technical Literature Spares

Cable schedules and proper termination Fuse ratings and Relay setting calculation

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SWITCHYARD EQUIPMENTS COMMISSIONING CIRCUIT BREAKER

General Checks :
Erection work completed, clearance received Compressed air system available, Check air leakages Cleaning and tightness of fasteners, insulators. Check earthing connections done

Check operating mechanism and alignment Check aux. contacts, coil healthiness and control wiring Check hand valves, drain plugs, pr. Relief valve, pr. Gauge etc Check ac and dc supply, control wiring and relays, timers, indications, Check safety valve operation Contact resistance measurement Other checks to specific type of circuit bkr ( e.g. pressure test for ABCB) Functional checks : Close & open time; anti pumping operation, pole discrepancy , manual and protection trip, interlocks

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SWITCHYARD EQUIPMENTS COMMISSIONING

ISOLATORS

Physical inspection :. Foundation bolts, insulator supporting bolts etc tightened Erection work completed. Cleaning of insulators, corona rings etc. Lubrication of all moving parts. Proper earthing of structure base, operating mech box, Mechanical interlock between isolator and earth switch. IR value bet. current carrying parts and earth (5KV megger) Contact resistance Functional checks : Local and remote operation, indication Thermal Overload : Check after a number of operations Electrical interlock between isolator and circuit breaker. On / Off timing, Limit switches, aux contacts

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SWITCHYARD EQUIPMENTS COMMISSIONING

CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

Physical Inspection : Cleaning &Tightness of terminals, earthing connections, corona rings Check the name plate details Oil level OK, no oil leakage Check external wiring I R value (5KV megger) : Pri - E, Pri - Sec (500 v megger): Sec - Sec of other cores Winding resistance Primary injection Polarity Secondary injection Magnetising characteristics and knee point

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CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS

Safety checks: Erection work completed and HV terminal is earthed Physical Inspection : Cleaning &Tightness of terminals, earthing connections, corona rings etc Check the name plate details Oil level OK, no oil leakage Check external wiring I R value (5KV megger) : Pri - E, Pri - Sec (500 v megger): Sec - Sec of other cores Winding resistance Ratio Test Polarity

SWITCHYARD EQUIPMENTS COMMISSIONING

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LIGHTENING ARRESTORS & EARTH SWITCHES

Physical inspection, cleaning and tightness, operating mechanism and alignment IR value between top and earth, every stack and earth Contact resistance. Operating checks and interlocks

SWITCHYARD EQUIPMENTS COMMISSIONING

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SWITCHYARD EQUIPMENTS COMMISSIONING

BATTERIES

Battery room : Cleaning, ventilation, fire protection system, distilled and running water, floor and walls to be acid resistant, safety equipments e.g. goggles, aprons, gloves torch etc to be made available. Battery cells : no leakage of electrolyte, vent and caps Ok, polarity correct, inter cell links tightened and greased, electrolyte level and sp gravity ok, Charging and discharging cycle as per manufacturers recommendation. Capacity test

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SWITCHYARD EQUIPMENTS COMMISSIONING

CONCLUSION

Original equipment quality + good commissioning = trouble free performance year after year Commissioning results to be interpreted considering Manufacturers specifications Trends Limitations of sampling and measurement External factors like temp. humidity etc

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THANK YOU

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