Turbine Condensate System

Presentation outline
Condensate Condensate System CEP Low Pressure Heaters Deaerator Function D/A Parts

What is condensate
The steam after condensing in the condenser known as condensate, is extracted out of the condenser hot well by condensate pump and taken to the deaerator through ejectors, gland steam cooler and series of LP heaters.

Condensate system
Condensate Extraction Pump : To pump out the condensate to D/A through ejectors, GSC and LPH Gland Steam Condenser : To increase the temperature of condensate. Condensate polishing unit : To remove cat-ion and an-ion from the condensate.

Condensate Systems
D/A level controller : To control the level of D/A. Drain Cooler : To increase the temperature of condensate LPH : To increase the temperature of condensate Deaerator : To remove the dissolved gases from the feed water

CEP
Converts last stage steam of LPT to water CEP
CONDENSER

GSC

CPU

DEAREATO R LEVEL CONTROL

CONDENSER

Minimum recirculation to condenser

Condensate Pumps
The function of these pumps is to pumps out the condensate to the deaerator thru' ejectors, gland steam cooler, and L.P. heaters. These pumps have four stages and since the suction is at a negative pressure, special arrangements have been made for providing sealing.

Stages:
The pressure build up in 4 stages as suction is at negative pressure.

Recirculation:
It is done when the de aerator level controller trips in order to prevent cavitations.

CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES OF CONDENSATE EXTRACTION PUMP

DESIGN FEATURES OF CEP

Vertical, Multi Stage, Multi-Shaft. Can type construction with suction nozzle integral with Canister. Double Suction first stage Impeller for minimum NPSHR. Balancing holes and tilting pad Thrust Bearing for Axial Thrust. Cutless rubber line bearings with axial flutes. Shaft sealing by PTFE rope packing / Mechanical Seals. Compatible materials for stationary and rotating parts.

FIRST STAGE PUMP ASSEMBLY: It consists of Pump Casing, a Double Suction Impeller and a Suction Bell Mouth. SECOND TO LAST STAGE PUMP ASSEMBLIES : It consists of Pump Casings and Single Suction Impellers.

HEAD PIECE :
It incorporates the discharge and suction branches and supports Thrust Bearing Housing & Driving Motor. It is sealed where the Shaft passes through Stuffing Box which incorporates soft packing and a Lantern Ring. Apertures are provided on Headpiece for accessing Coupling, Thrust Bearing and Stuffing Box. An air vent pipe is incorporated in the Headpiece for connection to the condenser tank.

Condensate Flow

LPH1 FROM CONDENSER

LPH2

LPH3 TO DEAREATOR

DRIPWATER CONDENSER

DRIPWATER CONDENSER

DRIPWATER CONDENSER

CONDENSER

L.P. Heaters
Turbine has been provided with noncontrolled extractions which are utilised for heating the condensate, from turbine bleed steam. There are 3 or 4 low pressure heaters in which LP turbine last extractions are used.

LOW PRESSURE HEATERS

D/A

BFP

LPT 3RD STAGE

LPT 5RD STAGE

LPT 7RD STAGE

LPH3 DRIP

LPH2 DRIP

LPH1
DRIP

DC

CONDENSER

LPT STAGES
7TH STAGE 5TH STAGE 3RD STAGE

Feed Water Heater

A Feedwater heater is a component used to preheat water delivered to the boiler. Preheating the feedwater reduces the amount of energy needed to make steam and thus reduces plant operation costs. This improves the thermodynamic efficiency of the system.

Flow arrangement
In parallel-flow heat exchangers, the two fluids enter the exchanger at the same end, and travel in parallel to one another to the other side. In counterflow heat exchangers the fluids enter the exchanger from opposite ends. The counter current design is most efficient, in that it can transfer the most heat.

Shell and tube heat exchanger

Two fluids, of different starting temperatures, flow through the heat exchanger. One flows through the tubes (the tube side) and the other flows outside the tubes but inside the shell (the shell side). Heat is transferred from one fluid to the other through the tube walls, either from tube side to shell side or vice versa.. In order to transfer heat efficiently, a large heat transfer area should be used, so there are many tubes. In this way, waste heat can be put to use..

CONDENSER
Converts last stage steam of LPT to water

What is deareator?
Deaerator is a device for air removal from water to make it non-corrosive. Deaerator generally implies not only the deaerator but also the feed water tank below where deaerated water is stored and fed to the suction of boiler feed pumps.

Deaerator
The presence of certain gases, principally oxygen, carbon-di-oxide and ammonia, dissolved in water is generally considered harmful because of their corrosive attack on metals, particularly at elevated temperatures. function is to remove dissolved gases from the feed water by mechanical means.

Principle of Deaeration:
Henrys law: The mass of gas with definite mass of liquid will dissolve at a given temperature and is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in contact with the liquid. This holds within close limits for any gas, which does not unite chemically with the solvent. Solubility Law: Solubility of gases decreases with increase m solution temperature and/or decrease in pressure.

 The deaerator comprises of two chambers: Deaerating column. Feed storage tank.

Parts of D/A
Tubular type gauge glass. High level alarm switch. Low level alarm switch. Pressure gauge. Straight thermometers with pockets. Safety valve Isolating valves for steam pipes.

DEARATOR WITH STORAGE TANK

DEAERATOR

Water Spray in Deaerator

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