"Global Warming

Global Warming Global Warming

Global Warming

Global Warming

Global Warming

Ruchin Upadhyay

Abhinav Nathany

Ruchita Singh

Jinendra Jain

AREAS COVERED

GLOBAL WARMING
A CLIMATIC CHANGE

What is Global Warming?

Why is this a concern? The impact of Global Warming? Repercussion of Global Warming? Causes of Global Warming? Controlling Global Warming? Agreement on Global Warming ? Analyzing Global Warming? Conclusion

What is Global Warming?

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C l i c k t o a d d

Global warming :- Gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth's surface. Global warming ~ Climatic change

t i t l e

Why is this a concern?

First, a little history

Temperature Analysis

Temperature Anomaly

Why should we be concerned about Global Warming?

Many people consider that Global Warming is
the Century. of the 21st

Human-caused

loss.

Global Warming could cause much harm, but of it may cause.

Why is this a concern?

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What are the greenhouse gases? Greenhouse gases are made out of: water vapour carbon dioxide methane nitrous oxide ozone chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) They are all natural gases, but extra greenhouses gases can be made by humans from pollution.

Scientists worry that human societies and natural ecosystems might not adjust to rapid climate changes.

AREAS COVERED

GLOBAL WARMING
A CLIMATIC CHANGE

What is Global Warming? Why is this a concern? The impact of Global Warming?
Repercussion of Global Warming? Causes of Global Warming? Controlling Global Warming? Agreement on Global Warming ? Analyzing Global Warming? Conclusion

The Impact of Global Warming?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Harm to ocean life Changes of habitat Weather damage Rising sea level Threats to human health Changes in crop yields Forest Fires

1. Harm to Ocean Life

Surface waters of the oceans could become warmer. Coral bleaching

2. Changes of Habitat
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So what could happen? If Earth gets hotter, some of the important changes could happen: Water expands when it's heated and oceans absorb more heat than land, so sea levels would rise. Sea levels would also rise due to the melting of the glaciers and sea ice. Cities on coasts would flood. Places that usually get lots of rain and snowfall might get hotter and drier. Lakes and rivers could dry up. There would be more droughts making hard to grow crops. Less water would be available for drinking, showers and swimming pools. Some plants and animals might become extinct because of the heat. Hurricanes, tornadoes and other storms which are caused by changes in heat and water evaporation may get more common.

Difficult to survive in the regions they inhabit. Extinction of species.

3. Weather Damage

Extreme weather conditions Floods and Droughts

4. Rising Sea Level

Melting of polar ice caps. Submerge some inhabited regions.

5. Threats to Human Health

Tropical diseases Hunger and Malnutrition

6. Changes in Crop Yields

Yields in the Canada and parts of Russia could increase. Yields in the tropics might fall disastrously.

7. Forest Fires

Warm temperatures Early springs hence Dry forest areas

AREAS COVERED

GLOBAL WARMING
A CLIMATIC CHANGE

What is Global Warming? Why is this a concern? The impact of Global Warming? Repercussion of Global Warming?
Causes of Global Warming? Controlling Global Warming? Agreement on Global Warming ? Analyzing Global Warming? Conclusion

Repercussion of Global Warming?

1. Ozone Depletion 2. Global Dimming 3. Ocean Acidification

1. Ozone Depletion

CFCs causes chemical reactions to occur that cause "Ozone Holes" over Antarctica and the Arctic.

2. Global Dimming

Gradual reduction in the amount of Global direct irradiance.

3. Ocean Acidification

CO2 dissolved in the ocean reacts with water to form Carbonic Acid pH decreases hence Extinction of species.

AREAS COVERED

GLOBAL WARMING
A CLIMATIC CHANGE

What is Global Warming? Why is this a concern? The impact of Global Warming? Repercussion of Global Warming? Causes of Global Warming?
Controlling Global Warming? Agreement on Global Warming ? Analyzing Global Warming? Conclusion

Causes of Global Warming?

We humans are thought to be the main cause of Global Warming and climate change.. But we still have the chance to do something about it.

Explanation of the causes of Global Warming

The sun sends out energy as heat and light. This energy comes to our earth during the day time.

Some of the suns rays get trapped in the atmosphere.

Some of them get reflected back into space.

The ones which get through the atmosphere warm the earth up.

All the time, the earth radiates heat into space, which cools it down. We only really notice this at night, when there is no heating from the sun.

Some of the heat going out is trapped by the atmosphere. This is what makes our planet warm enough to live on. But if too much heat is trapped, our planet will warm up and the climate will change.

What is the Atmosphere?

Why does it Trap Heat?
The atmosphere is the air around the surface of the earth. It is made from a mixture of gases. We need it for animals and plants to survive. Some of the gases act like a blanket, trapping heat. These gases are called Greenhouse Gases.

This is known as the Natural Greenhouse Effect. Without it, the earth would be much colder.

(the atmosphere is really much thinner than it looks above)

So why is Global Warming happening?

Some things that people do are increasing the amounts of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, so more heat is trapped. The heating of the earth through human activities is called the Enhanced Greenhouse Effect and this is causing the earth to heat up, or Global Warming. Global warming doesnt just mean that the earth gets hotter, it means that the whole Climate is changing.

(the atmosphere is really much thinner than it looks above)

Natural Greenhouse Effect

Heat radiates from the earth Some heat goes out to space

Atmosphere has more greenhouse gases

Enhanced Greenhouse Effect

Heat radiates from the earth

Less heat goes out to space

Atmosphere traps some heat

Atmosphere traps more heat

Quite a lot of heat is trapped and the earth is warm enough for life.

More heat is trapped and causes Global Warming.

Which gases in the atmosphere trap heat?

The atmosphere is made of 78% Nitrogen and 21% Oxygen. But these gases dont trap heat and cause Global Warming or climate change. What % of the atmosphere is left? The gases which trap heat make up less than 1% of the atmosphere! They are called the Greenhouse Gases. The main greenhouse gases are: Carbon dioxide Methane Nitrous oxide Ozone Water vapor Halocarbons

Human activity increases the amount of these gases in the atmosphere

Contribution to the Greenhouse Effect

How do humans increase Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere?

Burning fossil fuels releases the carbon dioxide stored millions of years ago. Most of the increased carbon dioxide comes from fossil fuels.

Deforestation releases the carbon stored in trees. Less trees also means less carbon dioxide can be removed from the atmosphere.

How do humans increase methane levels in the atmosphere?

Methane is produced when bacteria rot Organic Matter
Increased rice growing

Increased livestock farming

Increased rubbish in landfill

Methane is also released when fossil fuels are extracted

The amount of Methane in the atmosphere has increased by two and a half times since the Industrial Revolution.

AREAS COVERED

GLOBAL WARMING
A CLIMATIC CHANGE

What is Global Warming? Why is this a concern? The impact of Global Warming? Repercussion of Global Warming? Causes of Global Warming? Controlling Global Warming?
Agreement on Global Warming ? Analyzing Global Warming? Conclusion

Controlling Global Warming?

Limiting CO2 Emissions 1. Replace fossil fuels with energy sources. 2. Use fossil fuels more efficiently. Carbon Sequestration 1. Underground or underwater storage. 2. Storage in living plants.

Solar Energy

Wind Energy

Growing concern (lay and scientific) that global warming is a looming disaster, that severe, abrupt climate change might be coming.

Such perceptions may force you to act even in absence of better predictions.

Responsibility for CO2 Emissions and Climate Change

What can we do?

Re-cycle glass bottles, jars, newspapers and magazines and tin cans. Save them and take them to local re-cycling centers. Persuade you mum or dad (or whoever does the gardening) to have a compost heap. Use paper on both sides. Try and buy products that don't use much packaging. Don't leave the TV or video on standby. If you get lift to school in a car, take your mates along for the ride. Switch lights off when you're not in the room Cycle to places! Have showers instead of baths.

Conclusions
Global warming is well understood, it has been detected, and the forecast for the end of the century is frightening.

CO2 emission will continue to effect climate for hundreds of thousands of years into the future. Sea level may ultimately rise 100 times more than the forecast for the year 2100.

We only see what our eyes want to see How can life be what we want it to be..???
(Including your own opinions)

Thanks to all of you..