Vocabulary

A lesson on commas, colons, and semicolons Grade 5

Five Ways to Teach Vocabulary, or What Words Mean

A. Teach Directly by:
1.

Giving examples and nonexamples.

This line is curved.

This line is NOT curved.

2. Giving synonyms. Masticate means chew.

3. Giving definitions. Monarchy is government led by one person.

Five Ways to Teach Vocabulary, or What Words Mean

B. Teach Indirectly by: 4. Using context to suggest meaning of a new word. A pendulum oscillate from side to side. It MOVES back and forth. So oscillate probably means to 5. Morphemic (word part) analysis. Inspire. In means to put something inside. Spir means spirit. So, to inspire means to.
Lets start with teaching vocabulary directly.

Direct Teaching of Vocabulary

In other words, directly teach the meaning of many words with ** Examples. These (4 examples/pictures) are pine needles.

** Definitions. A galaxy is a massive group of stars, dust, and gas held together by gravity. Here are examples of galaxies (pictures).
** Synonyms: Distribute means to spread around. For example, I will distribute the cookies. I will spread around the cookies to kids in the group.

Teaching Vocabulary Directly by Examples (Modeling)

1. Show a range of examples that differ in ways that are NOT relevant (e.g., shape and size) but are the SAME in the defining feature . 2. Then put examples and NONexamples next to each other so that kids can compare and contrast. Make sure that the examples and nonexamples are the SAME in many ways (size, shape) but are DIFFERENT in the defining feature.
Heres how

Teaching Vocabulary Directly by Examples (Modeling)

This is a cylinder

This is a cylinder

This is a cylinder.

This is not a cylinder

Teaching Vocabulary Directly by Examples (Modeling)

Now lets use direct teaching with synonyms

Teach with synonyms when a student knows another word(s) that can explain the meaning of a new, unknown word (e.g., damp means a little wet). 1. Teacher equates a new word (sturdy) with a known word or words (strong). Here is a new word. Sturdy. Sturdy means strong. And, Another word for jest is joke. 2. Then teach synonyms and antonyms. Ex at the start of a word means out. INspire is to put spirit in. What does expire mean? 3. Then test whether students get the meaning with examples and nonexamples Huge means very big. What does huge mean? .. Tom put his pet in his pocket. Was his pet huge?

Teaching Vocabulary Directly with Synonyms

Teaching Vocabulary Directly with Synonyms

4. Then teacher provides practice using several recently taught synonyms. "Is that sturdy? Is this one huge?
5.

Then students practice by replacing in a sentence the synonym with the new word. Listen. The dog was very big (synonym). Say that sentence with our NEW word. The dog was huge. Yes, the dog was HUGE.
Now lets use direct teaching with definitions

Commas are used to set off special elements.

Incorrect: Yesterday my team won the game. Correct: Yesterday, my team won the game.

A colon is used after the greeting of a business letter.

Incorrect: Dear Sir,

Correct: Dear Sir:

A colon is used to separate hours and minutes in time expressions.

Incorrect: The time is 815. Correct: The time is 8:15.