LAND POLLUTION

Land Pollution
Land pollution basically is about contaminating the

land surface of the Earth through dumping urban

waste matter indiscriminately, dumping of industrial waste, mineral exploitation, and misusing the soil by harmful agricultural practices.

Types of Land Pollution

Deforestation

Soil erosion
Soil contamination

Wastage disposal
Toxic material

Degradation of land
Natural calamities due to human abuse

Land Pollution Comprises Of

Solid Waste: Semisolid or solid matter that are

created by human or animal activities, and which are

disposed because they are hazardous or useless are known as solid waste. Soil Pollution: Soil pollution is chiefly caused by chemicals in pesticides, such as poisons that are used to kill agricultural pests like insects and herbicides that are used to get rid of weeds.

Solid Waste
Municipal wastes: Solid wastes generated in residential & commercial areas by activities other than industrial

production are termed as Municipal Waste.

Industrial wastes: Wastes which arise from industrial activities & typically include factory rubbish, packing material, organic wastes, acids, alkalis and metals. Hazardous wastes (including hospital wastes): Wastes that pose a substantial danger immediately or over a period of time to human, plants or animals life are classified as hazardous wastes.

Solid Waste
Wastes from Agriculture Wastes from Mining Wastes from Industries Solids from Sewage Treatment Ashes Garbage

SW Management elements
Incineration..

Heat recovery efficiency 70% Amount of steam produced varies from 1.0 to 3.5 kg/kg of MSW

Sanitary landfills

Soil Pollution
Unhealthy methods of soil management. Harmful practices of irrigation methods. Land pollution is caused by farms because they allow manure to collect, which leaches into the nearby land areas. Chemicals that are used for purposes like sheep dipping also cause serious land pollution as do diesel oil spillages.

Causes of land pollution

Increase in urbanization Increase in agricultural land Domestic waste Agricultural activities Industrial activities

Effects of land pollution

Exterminates wild life Acid rain kills trees and other plants. Vegetation that provides food and shelter is destroyed. It can seriously disrupt the balance of nature, and, in extreme cases, can cause human fatalities. Pesticides can damage crops; kill vegetation; and poison birds, animals, and fish.

Consequences of Land Pollution

Land pollution can affect wildlife, plants, and humans

in a number of ways, such as:

Cause problems in the respiratory system Cause problems on the skin Lead to birth defects Cause various kinds of cancers

Consequences of Land Pollution

The toxic materials that pollute the soil can get into the human body directly by:
Coming into contact with the skin Being washed into water sources like reservoirs and rivers Eating fruits and vegetables that have been grown in polluted soil Breathing in polluted dust or particles

Reducing land Pollution

Encourage organic farming Proper garbage disposal Recycle garbage Reduce use of herbicides and pesticides Avoid over packaged items Efficient utilization of resources and reducing wastage

Preventive Measures
People should be educated and made aware about the harmful effects of littering Items used for domestic purposes ought to be reused or recycled

Personal litter should be disposed properly

Organic waste matter should be disposed in areas are far away from residential places Inorganic matter such as paper, plastic, glass and metals should be reclaimed and then recycled

Natural calamities due to human abuse