T.P.S., Parli-V.

Certified for ISO 9001-2000 ISO 14001-2004

Water Chemistry

Presentation by H. B. Zade. Sr. Chemist

Mother Earth

The Greatest Chemist in the Universe

Water Route
R/W Pump House U-3,4,5 P. T. Plant

TPS,Colony Domestic U-3,4 DM Plant U-3,4,5 Soft.Plant Makeup To All Units Makeup To All Units With interconnection facility

Use Of Chemicals

1. 2. 3.

Pretreatment Plant
Alum: FeSO4 Al2(SO4)3.18 H2O Poly Aluminum Chloride Bleaching powder : Ca(OCl)2 Hydrated Lime : Ca(OH)2

4.

Softening Plant
1.

Common Salt : NaCl

Demineralization Plant
1. Hydrochloric Acid : HCl
2. Caustic Soda Lye : NaOH 3. Hydrated Lime : Ca(OH)2

Boiler Drum Water

Trisodium Ortho Phosphate: Na3PO4.12H2O
Na3PO4+H2O 2Na3PO4+3CaSO4 10Ca+6PO4+2OH 3Mg+2SiO3+2OH+H2O NaOH +Na2HPO4 (Maintains PH) Ca3(PO4)2+3Na2SO4 3Ca3(PO4).Ca(OH) 2 . Calcium Hydroxy apetite 3MgO.2SiO2.2H2O Serpentine Above soft sludges can be removed by CBD Operations

Feed Water Dosing

1 Hydrazine hydrate: N2H4.H2O
N2H4 +O2 3N2H4 N2+H2O (Oxygen scavenger)

4NH3 + N2 (at temp. > 205 c)

(Res.N2H4 at Eco. Inlet = 0.01 to 0.02 ppm)

2 Liq. Ammonia : NH4OH ( Maintains PH) Condensate Dosing : Only N2H4.H2O At C E P Discharge as it passivates the Copper alloy component of LP heater coils & Acts also as Oxygen scavenger

Cond.tube leakage (What happens ? )

1: Cooling water mixes in condensate water 2:Hardness salts get carried to boiler& deposit in boiler tubes 3:Increased concentration of DO causes pitting corrosion in boiler tubes, corrosion in preboiler i.e..cond.,feed water heaters,de areator depositing corrosion products in high heat zones resulting BTL 4:Salts like MgCl2 causes Hydrogen Embrittlement resulting BTL

Cond.tube leakage (Indications)

1:Increases cation conductivity of condensate (Limit 0.3 micromhos/cm) 2:Increases Na Con. of condensate (Limit 10 ppb) 3:Increases Blr Drum water parameters like PH, Cond.,Silica, Alkalinity

Remedial Action

To arrest CTL by adding saw dust(in case it is minor) Withdrawal of Unit for attending CTL in case Conden. Parameters exceed permissible limits Limits; Sodium(Na) at CEP outlet: 10 ppb or Cation conductivity of condensate: 0.3 Micro mhos/cm

ETP I

References:

CEGB Vol.V BHEL (Trichi) Text book of water chemistry by Linus Pauling (California) Personal experience

Thanking you all