Chemical & Electrical Coordination Systems The Nervous System.

Ch 36 Guide

Life is in the eye of the beholder

Evolution of the Nervous System

From brain Stem to Cerebrum

IB.What is the function of the nervous system? To receive information from a sensory neuron To process info. by the brain & spinal cord To respond by an effectors (muscle/gland)
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IA. The basic unit of the nervous system = neuron?

Dendrites receive stimuli Nerve cell body @ nucleus transmits the stimuli Axon transmits the impulse to another dendrite

Axon ending: terminal bud

Transfers the electrical nerve impulse By chemical neurontransmitters From one neuron to the next
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IA2. Two connecting neurons:

Axon ending
Impulse direction

Dendrite of new neuron Axon

Cell Body

REVIEW.
What is the name of the nerve cell ? Does the stimulus travel one- way or down the neuron in two directions? Which part receives the stimuli? (The synapse, dendrites, cell body, or axon) Which is covered by a myelin sheath ? What is the purpose of the myelin sheath?
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IB2a.Sensory neurons orreceptors receive a stimulus from:

eyes - sight ears - hearing nose - smell skin - touch mouth - taste
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2c. Effectors that do actions are the

Muscles = voluntary use the somatic system involuntary use autonomic system Glands = endocrine organs that make hormone messengers
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Parts of the Cerebrum

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2b. The Central Nervous System:

1) Spinal Cord 2) Brain medulla for breathing cerebellum for balance cerebrum for higher thinking

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Cerebral Cortex= higher thinking

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The real thing . . . . . . . .

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Cerebellum & old brain controls basic body functions

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Right versus left Cerebrum

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Infrared Tools to Study the brain . . . .

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Any blow to the head does brain damage Example of amnesia & processing skills

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E. The 2 types of nervous responses?

Voluntary that use the brain & spinal cord b. Involuntary or Autonomic System Sympathetic Parasympathetic
a.
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The involuntary system: Autonomic basic body functions & reflex arcs

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The Autonomic Nervous System

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REVIEW: The Autonomic Nervous System...

Automatic Two parts: parasympathetic & sympathetic Which is fight or flight response ? Which is ordinary involuntary body functions ?

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 Use only spinal cord Do not go to the brain Follow the R-SIM pathway Examples: knee jerk, eye blink, hot stove pull back

E2. Involuntary Reflex Arcs . . . .

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R-SIM Reflex arc pathway . . .

R
receptor neuron receives the stimuli

S
sensory neuron passes the impulse on

I
interneuron at the spinal cord processes

M
motor neuron acts
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References:
World Book Encyclopedia 99 software for hand out illustrations. IBM Software Corp.
Encarta Encyclopedia 99 for multimedia slide presentations. Microsoft Corp.

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