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Fuel
Absorption
Distribution
Body Processes
Animals
Food + H2O + O2
Foods
Example:
Absorbable Nutrients
Digestive Enzymes
Carbohydrates
Foods
Example:
Absorbable Nutrients
Digestive Enzymes
Fats, Proteins
Long, coiled, muscular tube Starts at the mouth, ends at thee anus
Processes in the digestive tract -to take into the body by the mouth for digestion or absorption -breakdown of ingested food into easily absorbable substances by enzyme action
-process where the body takes in the digested food to support metabolism and body processes
-discharging waste materials
planarians
cnidarians
Single opening for the ingestion of food and elimination of undigested materials mouth and anus (dual function) in one structure
separate anatomical structure for ingestion (called mouth) and egestion (called anus) food is broken using enzymes
mouth
MOUTH
beginning of digestive tract and the first step in
esophagus
ESOPHAGUS
a muscular tube that helps move the food along
stomach
STOMACH
an elastic bean-like structure which
contains the ingested food for further mechanical and chemical action what happens here?
CHYME
Partially digested food passed through the stomach food we eat is mechanically mixed by Had experienced involuntary muscular contraction/ vomitting? Chyme is motility called peristalsis movement actually the substance in the stomach are digestive substances that you vomits. mainly pepsin (an enzyme that breaks down proteins) and gastric acid or hydrochloric acid
PANCREAS
an elongated yellow organ
which secretes enzymes that primarily acts on carbohydrates, proteins and fats what happens here?
secretes the enzyme pancreatic amylase that primarily digest foods in adults secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which are the chief hormones for metabolizing sugar
INSULIN
tells our body: Tama na! Busog ka na! (after a meal) effect: lowers glucose level
GLUCAGON
tells our body: Kain na! Gutom ka na! (during fasting) effect: increases glucose level
LIVER
largest organ of the body which
EMULSIFICATION
cant mix oil and water right? we can actually mix secretes bile stored in the gallbladder them by adding which is a bitter substance that digests fats and acts as emulsifier of fatty acid detergent! for transport this process is called takes the raw materials absorbed by the emulsification intestine and makes ALL the various chemicals the body needs that is why it is this is how the bile acts on fats called the CHEMIST of the body Detoxifies potentially harmful chemicals
small intestine
SMALL INTESTINE
A 22-ft long muscular
Segments of small intestine: DUODENUM -first part of the small intestine -shortest part among the three JEJUNUM -also called the mid-intestine or the mid-gut ILEUM -finals section of small intestine
Large intestine
LARGE INTESTINE
1.5 meter long tube that is the site where undigested
foods are fermented by the action of gut bacteria and excrete as feces or stool connected to the small intestine by the 6-inch long tube called colon
RECTUM
Connects colon to the anus
ANUS
muscle that excretes feces