Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Grace V. Agregado
Edbert De Duque
Anger
Wrath, indignation a normal human emotion, is a strong, uncomfortable, emotional response to a real or perceive provocation. Result when a person is frustrated, hurt or afraid.
Response caused by a distinct change in your internal and/ or external state as a response to thoughts or events that occur in your external environment.
Fight or flight response
Hostility
Verbal aggression, is an emotion expressed through verbal abuse, lack of cooperation, violation of rules or norms, or threating behavior
Physical Aggression
is behavior in which a person attacks or injures another person or that involves destruction of property.
Stages or Phases Triggering phase Escalation phase Crisis phase Recovery phase
Triggering
Escalation
Crisis
Recovery
Lowering of voice, decreased muscle tension, physical relaxation Remorse, apologies, crying, quite
Postcrisis
reconciliation
Related Disorders
Auditory Hallucinations Dementia Delirium
Head Injuries
Intoxication with Alcohol Intermittent explosive disorder-rare
Acting Out
Is an immature defense mechanism by which the person deals with the emotional conflicts or stressors through actions rather than through reflections or feelings. Verbal or physical aggression, to feel temporarily less helpless or powerless. Act out
Etiology
Neurobiologic Theories
Low serotonin=increased aggressive behavior
Psychosocial Theories
Impulse controlability to delay gratification Poor Relationships: parents, peers friends= inconsistent responses behavior. Low socioeconomic status= increased risk for failing socially appropriate behavior.
Cultural Considerations
In US, women are not permitted to express anger openly and directly, doing so would not be feminine. Spector (2001) perceived black patients as being more dangerous Bouffee delirante, condition characterized by a sudden outburst of agitated and aggressive behavior, marked confusion and psychomotor excitement. Amok is a dissociative episode characterized by a period of brooding followed by an outburst of violent, aggressive, or homicidal behavior.
Treatment
Treating the underlying or comorbid psychiatric diagnosis such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
Lithium- effective in aggressive clients Carbamazepine (Tegretol) and valproate (Depakote)- treat aggression associated with dementia, psychosis, and personality disorders Benzodiazepines- reduce irritability and agitation in older adults with dementia Rapid tranquilization- can be use to decreased agitation and aggression for clients with psychosis.