Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The opposite of active is passive In Active Voice Subject is active As in Raju wrote a letter . Here Raju is subject & action is done by him In Passive its not subject rather the object which is active As in A letter was written by Raju . Here letter is object
Change of
I into Me We into Us They into Them He into Him She into Her You will not be changed It also will remain same .
R u l e :
4.
5. 6.
I play a match We see pictures Do you like music? He writes a lesson. Does Surjit play hockey? You do not abuse him.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
I saw a match. You played Cricket. Did they paint this board? He stole my pen. Did she not pay her dues? We did not like the colour.
Future Indefinite
1.
Active
passive
2.
3.
4.
5. 6.
She will visit this place I shall help you We shall not spare you. Will you say your prayers? They will accept the verdict. You will sign the bond.
Present Continuous
1.
passive Is Am
2. 3.
6.
I am writing a book They are throwing dust into our eyes. She is teasing you. You are not making a noise. Is she doing her work? Are they polishing their shoes?
Past continuous
1.
ACTIVE
PASSIVE
2.
The peon was ringing the bell. Were we watching the match? He was building a house. Mohan was not flying a kite. He was not teasing you. She was not paying the taxes.
Present perfect
Active R U L e Has passive
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Have
I have finished the work He has sold the house. We have painted pictures. You have shut the window. Has he not abused me? She has not combed her hair.
Past Perfect
Active R Had U L e 3rd Passive v Had been 3rd v
1.
2.
3. 4. 5. 6.
I had broken the glass. You ad changed your mind. Had they learnt a lesson? Had she dismissed the servant? We had not bought the house. John had not changed his dress.
Future perfect
1.
Active
Passive
2.
R Will have Will have been U have L Shall rd form Shall have 3 been e 3rd form
3. 4. 5. 6.
She will have delivered a speech. You will have caught the train. They will have seen this Will you have taken tea by then? I shall not have spoken the truth. We will not have played the game.
Home work
A
poem is written by Radha. I agreed to his proposal. Will you prepare tea? The child is enjoying the game. By whom were the poor being helped? I have won the match. Had this place not been visited by you? He will have been abused by us. He has not taken tea. A race is run by him.
Interrogative beginning with -- what, why, when, how, which, where, who
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
What do you want? Who teaches you English? Whom do you love? Where will you spend your holidays? Whence have you bought this pen? When will you see him? Why did he abuse you ?
passive sentence will take the words you are reqested/ ordered/ advised to The sentence can better be changed by taking Let in case of advice or order.
1.
2.
3. 4. 5. 6.
7.
Please post this letter. Kindly help me. Save your soul. Give me those books. Never tell a lie. Do it. Never hurt others.
Infinitives
Rules:
You
Active
R U L E To & 1st v
Passive
To be & 3rd v
have to do it It is time to close the shop. I shall have to strike off his name. You may have to give him up. He likes his subordinates to respect him.
Rule: In some sentences (generally in passive form) , the subject has to be implied according to the context while changing them into active
1. 2. 3.
4.
5.
6.
He has been asked to resign. He was elected president of the club. You are wanted outside. The thief was arrested. Duty must be done. Your case will be discussed tomorrow.
Note Either of the two objects may become the subject of the passive voice . It is more common to make indirect object the subject
2. 3.
4.
5.
I gave him a book. He teaches us English. You have written him a letter. She handed Ram a letter. They gave her a test
Can, could, may, might, will,would, shall, should, dare, must, ought to , etc Be & 3rd form in passive form
3)
4) 5) 6) 7)
Who can bell the cat? She should not speak a word. Ramu dare not disobey me. We should respect our elders. Everybody ought to do his duty The department might spare him He may avoid you
Quasi-passive verbs
This
mango tastes sweet. This book is selling like hot cakes. This book is printing. This carpet needs dusting. I do not like his staring at me.
Miscellaneous sentences
Let
him come . He pretends to know everything. He begged the teacher to forgive him. Bad intentions pave the road to hell. Let her sing. I like playing hockey. They took no notes He hoped to pass Fortune favours the brave. May you prosper.
Home work
The
bond was signed It is time to say our prayers. Does she know the manager? Kindly grant me leave. Why am I cursed by you? Let your time never be wasted. It has to be seen to be believed. They were forced to listen. My uncle sent me a present You have to do it.