G REEN A RCHITECTURE S USTAINABILITY

Sarah Jane S. Pahimnayan BSArchi III-3

W HAT IS G REEN A RCHITECTURE ?

Also known as Sustainable Architecture. a general term that describes environmentally conscious design techniques in the field of architecture. Sustainable architecture is framed by the larger discussion of sustainability and the pressing economic and political issues of our world. In the broad context, sustainable architecture seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by enhancing efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space. Most simply, the idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations. This term can be used to describe an energy and ecologically conscious approach to the design of the built environment.

A RYA R ESIDENCES
PROJECT: Arya Residences OWNER/DEVELOPER: ARTHALAND LOCATION: Rizal Drive, McKinley Parkway and 8th Avenue Global City, Taguig ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN CONSULTANT: Crone Partners Architecture Studios ARCHITECT OF RECORD: AIDEA STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING: Aromin & Sy + Associates MECHANICAL ENGINEERING: L.R. Punsalan and Associates SANITARY / PLUMBING ENGINEERING: NBF Consulting,INC. FIRE PROTECTION: NBF Firetech Fire Protection Systems ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING: Eduardo H. Tan & Associates QUANTITY SURVEYOR: Davis Langdon & Seah, Philippines, INC. ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY CONSULTANT: Davis Langdon & Seah, Philippines, INC. SPACE PLANNING CONSULTANT: Pariquet Galicia, INC. ELEVATOR CONSULTANT: Roy Barry & Associates FENG SHUI CONSULTANT: Master Joseph Chau

B UILDING F EATURES

B UILDING F EATURES

Large canopies are used as sun shading device to protect Aryas public areas.

The plaza level provides options or al fresco dining shaded from the sun and rain.

B UILDING F EATURES

S ITE D ESCRIPTION

S ITE D ESCRIPTION

It is located along Rizal Drive, McKinley Parkway and 8th Avenue Global City, Taguig. The site is located on the highest elevation of Bonifacio Global City and the company, ArthaLand made sure that it consolidated a whole block of flat land, not just for the reason that they wanted no one to share with their building but to give each facade of the development a front door. The idea also ensures that the two towers would not be too close to the neighbouring buildings so that Aryas dramatic 360-degree views of the metropolis would not be compromised. The site also provides best amenities around it. Water supply and electricity is easy in the area also proper waste disposal is implemented in the city considering Bonifacio Global City as one of the perfect sites for this kind of business and development for families and individuals who can afford expensive luxurious way of living.

SITE DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS

The triangular shape of site is challenge to the projects designer. The designed buildings was angled in accordance to the suns path and prevailing wind pattern giving the users enough sunlight and minimal heat gain. Also the architects made sure that windows are operable for the occupants may allow natural ventilation.

SITE DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS

The structures are designed to capture breezes and channel them to common and private spaces of the development via breezeways. Bodies of water are placed to make air cooler. With proper studies and applying basic principles of designing spaces or buildings, the weakest point of the site might also be the sites strongest hold.

F LOOR P LAN A NALYSIS

The main entry of the buildings is the one facing McKinley Parkway in north direction. A very good choice since northern direction receives lower UV rays and minimal heat gain from the sun compared to the west and east sides. McKinley also is the longest side of the site where everybody can evacuate immediately in case of emergency. Ample sidewalk that goes around the whole development will welcome you to the two towering housing project.

F LOOR P LAN A NALYSIS

Four elevators are placed inside tower 1 and two stairs for emergency exits while three elevators are placed inside tower 2 and two stairs for emergency exits and additional ramps in the level ground floor.

The second level of the said condominium provides privacy through a buffer zone between homeowners and their guests from pedestrians with an elevated plaza level. The third level of Arya is set four stories above the covered plaza and is called the terrace, equipped with amenities of the development like the pool, garden, yoga and exercise spaces, etc.

F LOOR P LAN A NALYSIS

F LOOR P LAN A NALYSIS

F LOOR P LAN A NALYSIS

F LOOR P LAN A NALYSIS

Floor Plan Analysis

F LOOR P LAN A NALYSIS

F LOOR P LAN A NALYSIS

F LOOR P LAN A NALYSIS

F LOOR P LAN A NALYSIS

F LOOR P LAN A NALYSIS

BUILDING SECTION ANALYSIS

This shows how each room will receive sunlight. Using ledge, sunlight will penetrate inside but only in a short period of time in SW Facade but throughout the day in NE Facade. The residential units are provided with right-sized balconies wide enough to accommodate outdoor furniture. The balconies are part and parcel of cantilevered projections on every floor, which shade the units interiors from the sun. The balconies also hide air conditioning units and provide opportunities for high-rise greening.

BUILDING ELEVATION ANALYSIS

Horizontal lines dominate more than vertical lines. Horizontal lines in a building make it appear wider especially if the structure is high rise like Arya Residences.

1005 STATION STREET

1005 STATION STREET. The six storey mixed- use building, mainly residential, is situated in the Greenest City in the world Vancouver. It has set the standard for green rezoned buildings. 3,824 squares meters is the total lot area of the project whereas it houses the multi-purpose building includes a retail area on the ground level and houses studio homes for eighty residents with a single, shared commercial kitchen. Because of its sustainability features the building became so remarkable.

THE WATERPROOF BUILDING

1005 STATION STREET

Instead of 80 separate kitchens, appliance and venting systems, the entire building shares one cooking hub where the energy and waste is centralised in an isolated area. The concept was clearly progressive; yet if successfully implemented would be a tremendous step towards the citys plan. The developers knew that although it was a niche market, there was a demand for this type of housing. Darwin Construction and NSDA Architects is the principal project holder of this project and they made sure that the design was not only green, but would also be able to stand the rigours of use.

SITE DESCRIPTION

SITE DESCRIPTION

The residential building is located in an area which was once in the middle of False Creek. But today this creek is a striking body of water that lines Vancouvers skyline and is bordered by a waterfront community. However, at one time the false creek was five times its current size, and filled with wildlife although it was filled in during the First World War to give the community more space to cater the Citys vast industrial growth. That is mainly the reason why any structure build in the vicinity would have adequate waterproofing systems to ensure that the structural retains its structural integrity. And 1005 Station Street Building has complied with sites requirement on becoming waterproof. It is a perfect example of waterproof building that is used as a residential building.

SITE DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS

SITE DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS

The site experience ample sunlight in the morning since it faces east and greets sunrise every beginning of the day but since the rear is blocked by another existing building the residences is protected by too much heat in the afternoon yet proper daylighting system may still be applied. The building uses waterproofing techniques to solve the problem in water leakage from the creek. Grid type of spatial organization is used in major spaces of the building The building is located in line with the major road making it so accessible.

FLOOR PLAN ANALYSIS

Shared commercial kitchen 80 residential units and retail stores in the lower ground linked with stairs and elevator A high performance building envelope designed for durability and ease of maintenance with a high standard of insulation; Water barrels in the courtyard capture rain water to irrigate vegetation. Walls, doors and windows designed to minimize air leakage and thermal bridging

Water barrels in the courtyard capture rain water to irrigate vegetation.

BUILDING SECTION ANALYSIS

To safeguard the structure from dangerous water damage, and to maintain its green certification, Kryton International Inc.s crystalline concrete waterproofing systems was chosen to protect the below grade ideas including the underground parking lot, electrical room and elevator pits. Krytons flagship Krystol Internal Membrane (KIM) product was used to waterproof 350 cubic meters of concrete.

Mechanical geothermal pumps and main heat pump

Mechanical domestic hot water pre-heat tanks and high efficiency gas-fired water heaters.

Vertical lines are more dominant in this building. It is wide, so to make it taller in appearance designers used vertical lines it is some kind of optical illusion using vertical and horizontal lines to deceive the eyes and make it look balance in appearance.

BUILDING ELEVATION ANALYSIS

The Idea House, located in Malaysia, is conceived as a test bed for new ideas and to showcase the latest in sustainable tropical architecture as the first carbon zero residence in Southeast Asia.

IDEA HOUSE

PROJECT DATA

IDEA HOUSE

PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The environmental agenda is rigorously pursued in the buildings green credentials with the installations of innovative active systems, which includes BIPV cells, rainwater harvesters, grey water management system and low energy appliances. Ultimately, a back-to-basics approach to the environmental strategy underpins the design, by carefully orientating the building to minimize heat gain, providing expansive openings for cross ventilation and complemented by deep overhangs to provide shade and respite from the sun and tropical showers. Sime Darby Property, Malaysias largest property developer; approached us in August 2008 with the brief for The Idea House - a socially, economically, and environmentally responsive prototype dwelling that would provide an insight into future tropical living. Conceived as a test bed for new ideas, the house would showcase the latest in sustainable architecture in the buildings quest to become the first carbon zero residence in South East Asia. Sime Darby Property would systematically adopt particular strategies in the house in part or in entirety in their housing projects, demonstrating their commitment to furthering the cause of creating sustainable futures for future generations.

SITE DESCRIPTION

Topographic responsiveness

A close interaction between architect, landscape architect, infrastructural and civil engineers allowed for a co-ordinated response to the positioning of the house within the site. Exploiting the raised position on the site affords the Idea House views out over the landscape; will being a highly visible beacon. The house responds similarly to the contours of the sites topography. The house is cranked in order to follow such levels, in order to create a contextual response that minimises the adverse effects of cutting and filling of the landscape. This preserves the site as much as possible for future generations.

Site Development Plan Floor Plan Sections Elevation

O VER A LL D ESIGN A NALYSIS

O VER A LL D ESIGN A NALYSIS

Landscape An integrated approach to the landscape was sought that positioned the Idea House as a pavilion within the landscape, in a fashion not too dissimilar to the more rural setting of the Kampung house. As part of the Ideas Park, (a similar showcase for innovation and sustainability by Sime Darby) the design takes a cue from the curvilinear forms of the building as well as the topographical contours of the site. Integration between landscape and building is also established through a landscape scheme that is divided into garden sections that promote health, well being, recreation, healing, agriculture, perm culture and the medicinal. Grey water and water management The design plans to capture 50 % of the grey water from wash hand basins and showers via a filtration system. The water can then be re-used to flush the WCs, thus reducing water consumption and therefore utility costs. Water wastage is set to be further minimised by aerating the showers, resulting in less water being consumed by the room occupants. Based on an occupant using 133litres of water per day, the aeration of showers could reduce consumption to 64 litres per day.

Site Development Plan Floor Plan Sections Elevation

O VER A LL D ESIGN A NALYSIS

Green roof and rainwater catchment Green roof technology is incorporated into the roof garden, helping reduce storm water run off and thus minimise the loading onto storm water drains. The green roof can also be replaceable. Whilst currently proposed as a roof garden, the space can be converted in the future to a further habitable room. The rainwater captured by the sloping roof would be collected into water storage tanks from which the water harvested would be used for irrigating the vegetation within the development. Orientation and climatic responsiveness A back to basics approach to the environmental strategy is applied, which is passive and lo-tech. Carefully orientating the building to present the shorter faces to the east and west helps minimise heat gain and therefore lower cooling loads. This is complimented by deep overhangs to provide shade and respite from the sun and tropical showers, all of which help reduce the reliance on mechanical ventilation, cooling systems and its associated costs. Daylight analysis of the narrow plan form demonstrates excellent daylight penetration to the habitable areas, reducing the need for artificial lighting during the day and into early evening.

Site Development Plan Floor Plan Sections Elevation

O VER A LL D ESIGN A NALYSIS

Harnessing solar energy The Idea House will include the installation of photovoltaic cell technology on the roof to harness the suns rays as a renewable energy source. Such an approach would be subject to governmental grants to offset the costs of such technology in the increasing interests of promoting sustainable energy sources in Malaysia. Given the cumulative roof area designated for photovoltaic cells, it is anticipated the area provided will generate enough energy to sustain a family of five. It is intended to replace the photovoltaic cell technology after a period of time in order to gauge the relative merits between mono-crystalline, poly-crystalline, and membrane types of Photovoltaic cell. Natural ventilation The open plan nature of the house, coupled with the ability for the external and internal walls to be slid back to remove any physical internal external barrier, capitalises on its ability to be cross ventilated. Orientating the living spaces in a south westerly direction allows for the harnessing of the prevailing SW wind that takes place 80% of the year and therefore reduces the need for artificial methods of ventilation and air flow. Internal temperature and humidity levels were also lowered, with the wind velocity of 1m/s within building being more than the 0.6m/s required by Green Mark.

Site Development Plan Floor Plan Sections Elevation

O VER A LL D ESIGN A NALYSIS

Expansion and contraction An understanding of the needs of the Malaysian demographic, coupled with due respect of the expansion and contraction of the family nucleus, finds its expression in the Idea House as a fully adaptable dwelling. Void spaces can be filled to create further living or sleeping spaces as the family expands, or can be removed in the future as the children grow up and leave home. Open plan living allows for a more flexible lifestyle, promoting internal / external adaptation of spaces to be changed to suit the families live / work / play requirements. Modularisation and ease of construction Modern methods of construction that includes prefabrication and modularisation will reduce the reliance on specialist labour; wet trades, and provides opportunities to employ individuals with a lower skills base. The modular construction also enables a speedier construction process, saving time and therefore financial / resource burden. As the entire frame and construction would be modular to provide not only a speed and ease of construction, it also provides the ability for the development, if necessary, to be demounted in the future in order to preserve the terrain for future generations and / or future development.

Site Development Plan Floor Plan Sections Elevation

Site Development Plan Floor Plan Sections Elevation

O VER A LL D ESIGN A NALYSIS

Front Elevation

Site Development Plan Floor Plan Sections Elevation

O VER A LL D ESIGN A NALYSIS

Rear Elevation

Site Development Plan Floor Plan Sections Elevation

O VER A LL D ESIGN A NALYSIS

Aerial View

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Proper studying of suns path and prevailing wind patterns and fitting it to most effective and possible design solution is the perfect way to achieve total design. Back to basic, as they always say, things we encounter in our daily life that we neglect to think of now a days because of the advancement of technology is really a big help in every different ways. Unadulterated and correct choice of building materials, fixture, appliance, etc. must also be considered when designing structure whether it is simple or complicated design problem. Tropical Design combined with Green Architecture is a perfect match in this design problem as a solution. Designing with nature has never been wrong. We as a designer and architect must follow the advancement of technology and think of no limitations when it comes to design possibility. But we must keep in mind that it is affordable or if not so affordable it must worth it, money back guarantee must be ensure to clients when they tend to live in their new homes high above the natural grade line. Look back from the history and think of some improvement and get some ideas or adaptations that are still useful today. Learn from yesterday and apply the learning today so we can have a brighter future. Bahay-Kubo and Bahay-na-Bato is the basic design that we have to think of improvement and innovations through the use of science and technology.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Waterproofing the Greenest City in the World. Southeast Asia Building, September / October 2011: 128-129. Alcazaren, Paulo. BluPrint: Designer Green, 2010: 108-113. Idea House: A zero-carbon residence for the future. Southeast Asia Building, September / October 2011: 140-143. http://www.aryaresidences.com.ph/ http://www.aryaresidences.net/ http://www.bchousing.org/Media/Stories/2011/05/16/5590_1 105161310-706 http://www.nsda.bc.ca/sites/default/files/1005_station_street. pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_architecture