A PRESENTATION ON LOW POWER TV TRANSMITTER

AT

Presented by N.SEMANTH

DOORDARSHAN ,AN INTRODUCTION

A leading TV Broadcast Service Provider for Common man in INDIA. Launched in 1959 ,owned by PRASAR BHARTI. First Indian Satellite INSAT launched in 1982. DDK Bikaner LPT 500W DD News Est. 09.05.2002 HPT 10kW DD National Est. 31.10.2007

BASICS OF TV BROADCASTING USING SATELLITE

A TV broadcasting system includes following: 1. STUDIO 2. EARTH STATION 3. TRANSMITTER 4. O.B VAN/DSNG DDK Bikaner have 10kW HPT,& 500W LPT So we will focus on transmitter.

TRANSMITTER SECTION

Geostationary Satellite

Studio

Processing

Transmission

RECEIVING SECTION
SIGNALS FROM SATELLITE RECEIVED AT OTHER EARTH STATION

SIGNAL THIS SIGNAL IS AMPLIFIED RETRANSMITTED &PROCESSED AT RECEIVER TO OUR HOME TV BASE STATION &SEND FOR RECEIVERS RETRANSMISSION

PARABOLIC DISH ANTENNA:

PDA is a high gain reflector antenna used for Radio, TV & Data communication and also for Radar on the UHF & SHF part of electromagnetic spectrum. PDA is set on the Azimuth angle and it is inclined by elevation angle. The focal length of a PDA is given by f = D2/16c

ANGLE OF ELEVATION AND AZIMUTH

Block Diagram:

LOW NOISE BLOCK CONVERTER(LNBC)

LNBC Working

When receiving a broadcast at 4,200 MHz, the output frequency of interest is 5150 - 4200 = 950 MHz

INPUT RACK
14 COLOUR TV WAVEFORM MONITOR IRD (INTEGRATED RECEIVER DECODER) JACK PANEL PATCH CORDS VIDEO DISTRIBUTER AMPLIFIER AUDIO DISTIBUTER AMPLIFIER ACB PANEL

WAVEFORM MONITOR
A

waveform monitor is a special type of oscilloscope used in television applications. It is typically used to measure and display the level, or voltage, of a video signal with respect to time.

IRD(INTEGRATED RECEIVER DECODER)

An integrated receiver/decoder (IRD) is an electronic device used to pick-up a radio-frequency signal and convert digital information transmitted in it.

USES OF IRD :
Generally

IRD 2900 series is used. The uses of IRD 2900 are:1. Digital turnaround 2. Satellite distribution 3. DSNG(digital satellite news gathering) 4. Distance learning 5. Radio reception

Monitoring Rack: VU

Meter Broadcast Power Meter TV Demodulator Audio Monitoring Amplifier Program Amplifier

TV Transmitter For DD National

The

transmitter is a wideband transmitter operating in the VHF range (170-250 MHz). Main transmitter components are transmitter rack with power distribution, exciter, and power splitter, AF amplifier with power supply, power coupler, audio combiner & cooling system.

Transmitter Family NM 7000:

Frequency

range 170-250 MHz Sound transmission Dual-sound cooling to Integrated Receiver Transmitter Output stage MOSFET transistor Coolant Demineralized water / Antifrozen N

EXCITER
Exciter unit SH 700 in the transmitter conditions the applied video & analog audio signals & modulates them before conversion to RF .It comprises following modules

Encoder(receives analog signal & digitizes it.) Equalizer (Correction is performed ) Modulator (generates the RF vision & sound carriers by direct quadrature modulation) Synthesizer(generates the vision carrier frequency required for modulation) AC power supply Motherboard Control panel with CCU.

PUMP UNIT
The pump unit serves to circulate the coolant in the closed cooling circuit of transmitters .

POWER SUPPLY:

1. 2.

11 KV line is provided by RSEB for the power supply of Doordarshan high power transmitter station. Then, 2 stepdown transformers are used; one of them is standby.Output voltage of transformer is 440V. The whole system is divided into 2 parts:Essential system Non-essential system Essential system comprises of those equipments which are required for uninterruptible transmission of channels.

Non-essential system comprises of the equipments which can be turned off when supply is OFF.

DIRECT TO HOME SERVICE

DTH is the digitalized service which provides multiple channel direct to the subscriber without inter mediator. DTH uses satellite and all the reception system at subscriber home, which include Off-set type Parabolic dish antenna (60cm), LNBF, IRD. DD has obtained four high power transponders on NSS-6 Satellite. DD has taken up to a pilot project Ku Band transmission satellite earth station for up linking 35 channels TV bouquets along with 15 channels radio bouquets.

HD BROADCAST
High-definition television (or HDTV, or HD) refers to video having resolution substantially higher than traditional television systems (standard-definition TV, or SDTV, or SD). HD has one or two million pixels per frame, roughly five times that of SD. Early HDTV broadcasting used analog techniques, but today HDTV is digitally broadcasting video compression.

INTERACTIVE TV (iTV)

Allow viewers to interact with television content as they view it Interactive television represents a continuum from low interactivity(TV on/off, volume, changing channels) to moderate interactivity (simple movies on demand without player controls) and high interactivity in which, for example, an audience member affects the program being watched. The most obvious example of this would be any kind of real-time voting on the screen, in which audience votes create decisions that are reflected in how the show continues.

iTV continued..
The simplest, Interactivity with a TV set is already very common, starting with the use of the remote control to enable channel surfing behaviours, and evolving to include video-on-demand, VCR-like pause, rewind, and fast forward, and commercial skipping . Global Television Network offers a Two-Screen Solutions interactive game for Big Brother 8 (US) "