BY:- RIDHAM SHRIYA SUGAM

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

INDEX
. INTRODUCTION . TYPES OF POVERTY . WHY IS INDIA LAGGING BEHIND ?? . POVERTY LINE . POPULATION BELOW POVERTY LINE . REASONS OF POVERTY . FACTORS OF POVERTY . HOW TO CONTROL POVERTY . GOVT. PROGRAMMES TOWARDS POVERTY REDUCTION . POVERTY- A MASS DESTRUCTION . RE PORT ON POVERTY BY NSSO . CONCLUSION . BIBLIOGRAPHY SLIDE 4 SLIDE 5-6 SLIDE 7 SLIDE 8 SLIDE 9 SLIDE 10 SLIDE 11 SLIDE 12-13 SLIDE 14 SLIDE 15 SLIDE 16 SLIDE 17 SLIDE 18

INTRODUCTION
Poverty is the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money. At the UNs World Summit on Social Development, the Copenhagen Declaration described poverty as a condition characterised by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, education and information. EXAMPLE:-When people are unable to eat, go to school, or have any access to health care, then they can be considered to be in poverty, regardless of their income

TYPES OF POVERTY

1.Absolute poverty

Absolute poverty measures set a poverty line at a certain income amount or consumption amount per year, based on the estimated value of a basket of goods (food, shelter, water, etc.) necessary for proper living. For example, if $5 a day is determined to be the income poverty line in a country, then anyone with an income of less than $1860 would be considered impoverished. If instead a poverty line based on consumption was used, anyone consuming goods with a monetary value of less than $1860 would be in poverty.

2. Relative poverty
Relative poverty views poverty as socially defined and dependent on social context, hence relative poverty is a measure of income inequality. Usually, relative poverty is measured as the percentage of population with income less than some fixed proportion of median income. Relative poverty measures are used as official poverty rates in several developed countries. As such these poverty statistics measure inequality rather than material deprivation or hardship.

POVERTY LINE
The basis of recommended nutritional requirements of 2400 calories per person per day for RURAL areas and 2100 calories for URBAN areas. The poverty line has been defined in times of food,poverty on the basis of MPEC (monthly per capital consumption expenditure).It is Rs.328 per person per month in RURAL areas and Rs.454 per person per month in URBAN areas.

Poverty in India Poor % Population

Poverty- geographical profile

1990 320 36

2000 260 19

Central North East West South

Who will feed India ? small and marginal farmers

Millions of poor, malnourished and food insecure population cannot be the foot soldiers fighting the cause of sustainable agriculture

1999-00 1983-84
0 20 40 60

% of population below poverty line

REASONS OF POVERTY
Unequal distribution of income. High population growth. Illiteracy. Large families Caste system Presence of malnutrition, illiteracy, diseases and long term health problems Unhygienic living conditions, lack of proper housing, high infant mortality rate, injustice to women and social ill-treatment of certain sections of society.

FACTORS OF POVERTY
The factors of poverty (as a social problem) that are listed here, ignorance, disease, apathy, dishonesty and dependency.

How to control poverty in india ?

1) Control of Population Growth:
Any number of employment programme cannot provide work for all if our population grows at an alarming rate of 1.9% per year..Immediate check on rapid growth of population is absolutely essential for economic progress in India. Economic planning without family planning will not bear fruit. If man does not check population, population growth will check man's progress. If population is not checked, our progress would be like writing on sand with waves of population growth washing away all that we have written.

2) Higher Economic Growth

Higher economic growth is a necessary condition for poverty alleviation. Population growth remaining constant, higher economic growth will lead to higher per capita income. This will lead to higher standard of living. Hence production has to be incresed and economic growth has to be maximized. Adam Smith pointed out the importance of productivity as the key element of economic growth. Hence the pace economic development must be speeded up. Higher rate of growth necessarily involves fuller and more productive employment of the working force. Hence employment creation is one aspect of the antipoverty policy.

3) Income Redistribution:
Increase in national income cannot merely alleviate poverty. The gap between the rich and the poor has widened despite fifty years of planning. The fruits of economic development has reached nearly 20% of our people. The rich have become richer and the poor have become poorer: According to the world Bank, the total 20% of the house holds share 50% of the national income in India whereas the bottom 20% share only 7% of the national income.

4) Outlook for poverty alleviation

Eradication of poverty in India is generally only considered to be a longterm goal. Poverty alleviation is expected to make better progress in the next 50 years than in the past, as a trickle-down effect of the growing middle class. Increasing stress on education, reservation of seats in government jobs and the increasing empowerment of women and the economically weaker sections of society, are also expected to contribute to the alleviation of poverty.

Government Programmes towards Poverty Reduction

Self Employment Programme Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana Wage Employment Programme Jawahar Gram Samiti Yojana (JGSY) Employment Assurance Scheme National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme Infrastructure Development Programme Indira Awas Yojana Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana Rural Electrification National Social Assistance Programme National Maternity Benefits Scheme National Old Age Pension Scheme

Annapurna

REPORT ON POVERTY BY NSSO

Poverty in the country is estimated to have declined by around 5 crore people or 5 percentage points to 32 per cent in 2009-10 from 37.2 per cent in 2004-05, according to the findings of a study by Planning Commission member Abhijit Sen. Talking to newsmen on the eve of the Full Planning Commission meeting under the chairmanship of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh to endorse the contours of the impending 12th Five Year Plan ( 2012-17), Plan panel deputy chairman Montek Singh Ahluwalia said that based on the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) sample of 2009-10, official numbers would be known later, but a major deviation from the 32 per cent figure was unlikely.

CONCLUSION
Poverty is the single most cause of misery and sadness in the world Hunger, malnutrition and susceptibility of poor to natural disasters make them take up anti national and anti social activities It is the duty of the governments in particular and all citizens in general to try their best to alleviate poverty to establish harmony and peace in the societies and in the world.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SITES WWW.GOOGLE.COM WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM

BOOKSSIDDIQUE ECO BOOK POVERTY ALLEVIATION