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Public
television broadcaster of india Expermintal telecast started in delhi on 15 september 1959 Daily transmission started on 1965 as a part of AIR Separated from AIR on 1976 National telecast started on 1982
Optical
in character, picture elements(pixels), when viewed together represent visual information on screen An infinite no. of pieces of information are picked up simultaneously for transmitting picture details Simultaneously pick-up is not practicable Solved by scanning , conversion of optical information to electrical form is carried out element by element Done at very fast rate & repeated large no. of times per second to create an illusion (impression at the eye) of simultaneous reception from all the elements
Picture element is either bright, or with shade of grey or dark Heart of TV camera is camera tube, to convert optical information into corresponding electrical signal fig shows vidicon camera tube and associated components
Any colour can be created by mixing red, green and blue in suitable proportions e.g. yellow=red+green(30:59) Light reflected from any colour picture element can be broken into R,B,G R,G,B are called primarly colour and colour formed by mixing of these two colour is called complementary colour. Fig shows simplified block diagram of colour camera
Receiving antenna intercepts radiated RF signals and the tuner selects desired channels frequency band and converts it to the common IF band of frequencies. It contains 2 or 3 stages of IF amplifiers Output from last stage is demodulated to recover video signal Signal which carries picture information is amplified & coupled to picture tube which converts electrical signal back into picture elements
When cathode grid is less negative, beam current is increased, making spot of
The 3 colours are fed to colour picture tube after sufficent amplification 3 guns corresponding to 3 pick-up tubes in colour camera Screen of this tube has red, green, blue phosphour arranged in alternate stripes Each gun produces an electron beam to illuminate the corresponding colour seperately on screen
It is essential that same co-ordinates be scanned at any instant both at camera tubes and raster of picture tube, else picture would split and get distorted Synchronizing pulses are transmitted durig the retrace In colour TV system additional sync pulse called colour burst are transmitted Seperated at input chroma section and used to sync colour demodulator generator This ensures correct reproduction of colour
Most black and white receiver have front panel like: Channel selector Fine tuning Brightness Contrast Horizontal hold Volume control beside ON-OFF switch In colour receiver additional control called colour or saturationcontrol used to vary intensity or amount of colur in the reproduced picture
Television
The
aim of television is to extend the sense of sight beyond its natural limits and to transmit sound associated with the scene